“三权下放改革”对高校专利活动的影响研究——基于80所高校的实证分析  

The Impact of the“Three Decentralization Reforms”on Patenting Activities in Universities——An Empirical Analysis Based on 80 Universities

作　　者：任知洋 梅术文[1] Ren zhiyang;Mei Shuwen(School of Intellectual Property,Nanjing University of Science and Technology,Nanjing 210094,China)

机构地区：[1]南京理工大学知识产权学院,江苏南京210094

出　　处：《中国科技论坛》2023年第10期130-140,共11页Forum on Science and Technology in China

基　　金：国家社科基金重大项目“创新驱动发展战略下知识产权公共领域问题研究”(17ZDA138)。

摘　　要：文章以2013—2020年中国80所高校作为研究样本,通过多期双重差分法测度改革对高校专利活动的效果。研究发现,“三权下放改革”对专利创造、专利质量、专利转化均产生正向影响,对产学研合作没有产生作用。从动态效应上看,改革对专利创造和专利质量的促进效应比较稳定,对专利转化的促进效应则没有持续性。高校对科学技术和成果转化的内部激励强化了“三权下放改革”的效果,目前设立技术转移机构没有在改革中产生影响。此外,区域及高校办学层次异质性分析结果显示,改革效果在东部地区更为突出,“985工程”高校和“211工程”高校实施改革的差异主要体现在专利创造和专利转化上。The paper analyzes 80 Chinese universities from 2013 to 2020 as a study sample,and it employs a multi-period double difference approach to assess how the reform affected the institutions'patenting operations.The research discovered that while cooperation between universities and industry did not benefit from the“three decentralized reforms,”patent generation,patent quality,and patent conversion did.When it comes to dynamic consequences,the reform has a consistent impact on patent issuance and quality,but not a long-lasting one on patent transformation.While the current setup of technology transfer agencies has little bearing on the reform,internal incentives for science and technology at universities and the transformation of findings have reinforced the effect of the“three decentralized reforms”.The analysis of regional and university-level heterogeneity results also reveal that the reform's effects are more pronounced in the eastern region,with the main areas of variation between the reform's implementation in“Project 985”universities and“Project 211”universities being patent issuance and patent conversion.

关 键 词：高校 技术转移 改革评估 产权改革 双重差分 

分 类 号：G644[文化科学—高等教育学]