饲粮不同代谢能水平对20~22周龄雄性雉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质的影响  

Effects of Dietary Metabolic Energy Level on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance and Meat Quality of Male Pheasants During 20-22 Weeks Old

作　　者：孙伟丽 陈丽红[2] 刘可园 付曦瑶 李光玉 SUN Weili;CHEN Lihong;LIU Keyuan;FU Xiyao;LI Guangyu(College of Animal Science and Technology,Qingdao Agricultural University,Qingdao 266109,China;Institute of Special Animal and Plant Sciences,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Changchun 130112,China;Hebei Provincial Key Laboratory for Mining and Innovation of Characteristic Animal Germplasm Resources,Qinhuangdao 066600,China)

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学动物科技学院,青岛266109 [2]中国农业科学院特产研究所,长春130112 [3]河北省特色动物种质资源挖掘与创新重点实验室,秦皇岛066600

出　　处：《中国畜牧兽医》2023年第10期3959-3966,共8页China Animal Husbandry & Veterinary Medicine

基　　金：青岛农业大学高层次人才引进项目(1121009);山东省现代农业产业技术体系(SDAIT-21-01);中国农业科学院科技创新工程专项经费(CAAS-FIEP)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在探究20~22周龄雄性雉鸡适宜代谢能水平,为科学饲养雉鸡、提高生产效率提供数据参考。【方法】选取20周龄、体重相近的健康雄性雉鸡160只,随机分为4组,每组5个重复,每个重复8只鸡,采用单因素试验设计,各组饲粮代谢能水平分别为11.30、11.72、12.14和12.56 MJ/kg,预试期5 d,正试期16 d,测定雉鸡生长性能、屠宰性能和肉品质。【结果】饲粮代谢能水平对雉鸡平均日增重有极显著影响(P<0.01),对雉鸡屠宰率、全净膛率和腿肌率,以及胸肌粗蛋白质含量有显著影响(P<0.05),对雉鸡脏器系数均无显著影响(P>0.05)。11.72和12.14 MJ/kg组雉鸡平均日增重极显著高于11.30 MJ/kg组(P<0.01),显著高于12.56 MJ/kg组(P<0.05);12.56 MJ/kg组雉鸡屠宰率和全净膛率显著高于其余各组(P<0.05);11.72 MJ/kg组腿肌率显著高于11.30和12.14 MJ/kg组(P<0.05);12.14和12.56 MJ/kg组雉鸡胸肌粗蛋白质含量显著高于11.30 MJ/kg组(P<0.05)。以平均日增重为估测指标,经一元二次回归模型分析,得出此时期雄性雉鸡饲粮适宜代谢能水平为11.98 MJ/kg。【结论】在本试验条件下,20~22周龄雄性雉鸡饲粮适宜代谢能水平为11.98~12.56 MJ/kg。【Objective】The aim of this study was to explore the appropriate metabolic energy levels of 20-22 weeks old male pheasants,providing data reference for scientific breeding of pheasants and improving production efficiency.【Method】A total of 160 healthy male pheasants at 20 weeks of age with similar weight were randomly divided into 4 groups,each group was set up with 5 replicates,each replicate was 8 chickens,and the dietary metabolic energy levels of each group were 11.30,11.72,12.14 and 12.56 MJ/kg,respectively,with a pre-trial period of 5 days and a positive trial period of 16 days.The growth performance,slaughter performance,and meat quality of pheasants were measured.【Result】The level of dietary metabolic energy affected the average daily gain(P<0.01),the slaughter rate,total purification rate and leg muscle rate,and the crude protein content of pectoral muscle(P<0.05),while had no significant effect on the organ index of pheasants(P>0.05).The average daily gain of 11.72 and 12.14 MJ/kg group were higher than that of 11.30(P<0.01)and 12.56 MJ/kg group(P<0.05).The slaughter rate and total purification rate of pheasants in the 12.56 MJ/kg group were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05),and the leg muscle rate in the 11.72 MJ/kg group was higher than that in 11.30 and 12.14 MJ/kg group(P<0.05).The crude protein content of pectoral muscle in 12.14 and 12.56 MJ/kg group were higher than that in 11.30 MJ/kg group(P<0.05).Using the average daily gain as the estimation indicator,the optimal metabolic energy level for male pheasants during this period was to be 11.98 MJ/kg through a univariate quadratic regression model analysis.【Conclusion】In summary,under the conditions of this experiment,the suitable metabolic energy level of male pheasants during 20-22 weeks old was 11.98-12.56 MJ/kg.

关 键 词：代谢能 雄性雉鸡 生长性能 脏器系数 屠宰性能 肌肉化学成分 

分 类 号：S815.1[农业科学—畜牧学]