中国早期马克思主义的儒学观探析  

An Analysis of Earlier-period Chinese Marxist View on Confucianism

作　　者：张三萍 张艺川 Zhang Sanping;Zhang Yichuan

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学马克思主义学院

出　　处：《马克思主义哲学研究》2023年第1期3-12,共10页Marxist Philosophical Research

基　　金：2020年教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目“中华优秀传统儒学资源在高校思政课运用的理论与实践研究”(项目编号:20YJA710042)。

摘　　要：中国早期马克思主义运用唯物史观研究儒学,实现了儒学研究的方法论革命,改变了“五四”以来文化论争的方向,使古今东西的文化之争,变为封建主义文化、资本主义文化和社会主义文化之争。中国早期马克思主义将儒学的性质判定为封建宗法社会的意识形态,对儒学与封建经济、政治制度相辅相成的关系进行深刻揭露,集中批判儒学的等级性思想、专制主义、道德空想主义;同时肯定儒学在中国历史上的地位和积极作用,肯定儒学中包含有基于人类共同实践活动的道德行为准则;中国早期马克思主义从儒学与马克思主义的相同相异上说明二者融合的可能性和必要性,并提出了关于传统儒学的批判继承法和以社会实践为基础的儒学与马克思主义融合的根本途径。对中国早期马克思主义儒学观的研究表明:中国的马克思主义不能归入全盘性的反传统主义;马克思主义中国化也不是马克思主义的儒学化,而是用马克思主义诠释、改造、提升儒学。In the early period,Chinese Marxism utilized historical materialism to study Confucianism,having revolutionized the study of Confucianism.This switched the direction of the cultural debate since the May Fourth Movement,turning the cultural dispute between ancient and modern things into a cultural dispute between feudalism,capitalism and socialism.Early Chinese Marxism judged the properties of Confucianism as the ideology of feudal-religious society,profoundly exposing the complementary relationship between Confucianism and the feudal economic and political systems,and focused on criticizing the thought of hierarchy,despotism,and moral utopianism of Confucianism;in the meantime,it affirmed the historical value of Confucianism and acknowledged that Confucianism contains moral criterion based on the common practical activities of mankind;the early Chinese Marxism explained the possibility and necessity of integration of Confucianism and Marxism from their similarities and differences,and put forward the critical inheritance law of traditional Confucianism and the ultimate approach of the integration of Confucianism and Marxism on the basis of social revolution and social practice.The point of the Confucian analysis in the initial stage of Chinese Marxism shows that:Chinese Marxism is not related to indiscriminate anti-traditionalism.Second,the Sinicization of Marxism is not the Confucianism of Marxism.Instead,to use Marxism to interpret,transform and enhance Confucianism.

关 键 词：马克思主义 儒学 马克思主义中国化 

分 类 号：B27[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B222