当代资本主义社会数字劳动异化:剖析与批判  

Analysis and Criticism of Digital Labor Alienation in Contemporary Capitalist Society

作　　者：冯燕芳 FENG Yanfang(School of Philosophy and Sociology,Hebei University,Baoding,Hebei 071002,China)

机构地区：[1]河北大学哲学与社会学学院,河北保定071002

出　　处：《河北大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2023年第5期80-90,共11页Journal of Hebei University(Philosophy and Social Science)

基　　金：国家社会科学基金后期资助项目“马克思反贫困思想与实践论域”(22FZXB003);河北省高等学校人文社会科学重点项目“当代美国马克思主义哲学主要流派研究”(SD181085);河北大学社会科学培育项目“21世纪西方新共产主义思潮批判研究”(2021HPY005)。

摘　　要：随着新一代信息技术的发展,数字劳动已然成为21世纪资本主义社会重要的劳动形式之一。马克思在一百多年前提出的异化劳动理论,依然可以用来解释21世纪资本主义社会的数字劳动异化。马克思所剖析的劳动异化的四种表现在今天的数字劳动中均有具体体现,而且更为严重。在数字劳动者与劳动产品异化方面,部分数字劳动者无法拥有数字产品的版权,数字资本家无偿占有普通用户的数据。在数字劳动者与劳动过程的异化方面,数字劳动片面化、家庭主妇化,劳动过程受到监控。在人与人的类本质相异化方面,数字劳动者被客体化、缺乏自主权、被劳动工具支配。在人与人相异化方面,数字劳动者被原子化,并存在社交媒体交往异化的情况。在现有条件下,扬弃数字劳动异化,可以通过立法进行数据确权、定期进行数字排毒、引导劳动者树立合理的劳动观、进一步发展科学技术等方式。With the development of the new generation of information technology,digital labor has become one of the important forms of labor in the capitalist society in the 21st century.The theory of alienated labor put forward by Marx more than 100 years ago can still be used to analyze the alienation of digital labor in contemporary capitalist society.The four manifestations of labor alienation analyzed by Marx are embodied in today's digital labor,and are more serious.In terms of the alienation of digital workers and labor products,some digital workers cannot own the copyright of digital products,and digital capitalists have the data of domestic consumers for free.In terms of the alienation between digital workers and the labor process,digital labor is one-sided and housewife oriented,and the labor process is monitored.In terms of the alienation of human nature,digital workers are objectified,lack autonomy,and are dominated by labor tools.In terms of alienation between people,digital workers are atomized and there is a situation of alienation in social media interactions.Under existing conditions,the alienation of digital labor can be abandoned through legislation for data rights confirmation,regular digital detoxification,guiding workers to establish a reasonable labor concept,and further developing science and technology.

关 键 词：马克思 数字劳动 异化 资本主义 

分 类 号：F014[经济管理—政治经济学]