收敛式有效积温与马铃薯干物质变化相关性的研究  

Study on the Correlation between Convergent Effective Accumulated Temperature and Dry Matter Change of Potato

作　　者：徐宁[1] 张洪亮[1] 张荣华[1] 许亚坤[1] XU Ning;ZHANG Hongliang;ZHANG Ronghua;XU Yakun(Institute of Economic Crops,Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Reclamation,Harbin 150030,China)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省农垦科学院经济作物研究所,哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《东北农业科学》2023年第4期67-72,138,共7页Journal of Northeast Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：黑龙江省自然科学基金项目(LH2021C084);高标准农田建设和黑龙江垦区社会公益性事务专项(KJZX202204-06);公益性行业(农业)科研专项(201503001)。

摘　　要：通过收敛式有效积温寻找马铃薯干物质转换规律和积累的关键时期,为马铃薯科学养分管理提供理论支持。本试验以延薯4号为试验材料,采取连续整株取样,分别烘干测定各器官(叶、茎、根、块茎)干物质含量,记录最高温和最低温并计算平均温度,分析干物质含量、干物质增长率与收敛式有效积温间的关系。干物质含量方面,叶和根最高值出现在收敛式有效积温883.89℃·d,茎和块茎分别出现在1903.45、1791.15℃·d。高峰期干物质含量大小比较:根>块茎>茎>叶。收敛式有效积温与叶、茎、根干物质含量相关性较好,对应函数R2值分别为:0.7354、0.7675和0.7121。4种器官的干物质含量在收敛式有效积温达到1672.42℃·d后均呈上升趋势,并在叶、茎、根内增长较快。当收敛式有效积温达到883.89℃·d时,叶片的干物质含量开始减少,向块茎转移。茎随着成熟、木质化和脱水,干物质含量一直增长。根干物质含量到达883.89℃·d后停止增长。收敛式有效积温1378.9℃·d时块茎干物质含量开始增加。干物质含量增长率方面,叶的最高值出现在收敛式有效积温1000℃·d,茎在640~1378℃·d,根和块茎分别在757.31、1275.86℃·d。通过干物质变化可判定,延薯4号在收敛式有效积温达到883.89℃·d进入块茎增长期,1378.9℃·d时进入淀粉积累期,1672.42℃·d时进入成熟期。叶、茎和块茎的干物质增长最佳时期分别在1029.44~1158.07、640~1378.9、1275.86℃·d。根在757.31℃·d之前为干物质增长最佳时期。The purpose of this study was to investigate the conversion law of dry matter and the critical period of accumulation in potato plants using the concept of convergent effective accumulated temperature,with the aim of providing theoretical support for scientific nutrient management in potatoes.In this experiment,Yanshu 4 was used as the experimental material.The whole plant was sampled continuously and dried to determine the dry matter content of each organ(leaf,stem,root and tuber).The highest and lowest temperatures were recorded,and the average temperature was calculated.The relationship between the dry matter content,dry matter growth rate and the convergent effective accumulated temperature was analyzed.The results showed that the highest dry matter content in leaves and roots occurred at a convergent effective accumulated temperature of 883.89℃·d,while the stem and tuber reached their highest dry matter content at temperatures of 1903℃·d and 1791.15℃·d,respectively.The comparison of dry matter content in peak period indicated the following order:root>tuber>stem>leaf.The R^(2)values of the corresponding functions were 0.7354,0.7675 and 0.7121,respectively.The dry matter content of the four organs increased after the convergent effective accumulated temperature reached 1672.42℃·d,and increased rapidly in leaves,stems and roots.When the convergent effective accumulated temperature reached 883.89℃·d,the dry matter content of leaves began to decrease and turned to tuber.During the growth process of stem,the dry matter content increased with maturity,lignification and dehydration.The dry matter content of roots stopped growing after883.89℃·d.The dry matter content of tuber began to increase at 1378.9℃·d.In terms of the growth rate of dry matter content,the highest value of leaf appeared in convergent effective accumulated temperature of 1000℃·d,stem at640-1378℃·d,root and tuber at 757.31℃·d and 1275.86℃·d respectively.Yanshu 4 entered into tuber growth stage at 883.89℃·d,starch

关 键 词：马铃薯 收敛式有效积温 干物质含量 干物质增长率 相关性 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]