地基激光雷达对大气金属层的探测研究  

Detection of Atmospheric Metal Layer by Ground-Based Lidar

作　　者：荀宇畅 程学武 杨国韬 Xun Yuchang;Cheng Xuewu;Yang Guotao(College of Physics and Optoelectronic Engineering,Taiyuan University of Technology,Taiyuan 030024,Shanci,China;National Space Science Center,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100190,China;Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Wuhan 430071,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]太原理工大学物理学院,山西太原030024 [2]中国科学院国家空间科学中心,北京100190 [3]中国科学院精密测量科学与技术创新研究院,湖北武汉430071

出　　处：《光学学报》2023年第18期30-46,共17页Acta Optica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(42004134,41627804);空间天气学国家重点实验室开放课题。

摘　　要：中层顶区域(80~110 km)的大气探测具有重要的科研和应用价值。长期以来,由于传统探测手段的限制,该区域一直是人类了解相对较少的大气层区域,存在着由流星注入产生的大气金属层。由于金属原子、离子共振荧光散射的散射截面比瑞利散射、拉曼散射大得多,其可以被激光雷达探测到。半个世纪以来,利用原子、离子特定波长的跃迁光谱,向高空大气发射特定波长的激光,并结合遥感技术,开展了大气金属层探测,这些金属原子、离子是大气波动极好的示踪物,可获得大气原子数密度、温度、风场等参量。近年来,随着热层金属层不断被发现,大气金属层的高度范围逐渐拓展,金属层研究又受到人们的极大关注。本文以作者团队及合作者的工作为基础,以大气金属层激光雷达采用的激光器发展历程为主线,介绍了地基激光雷达对大气金属层探测研究的发展过程以及国内外研究现状与发展趋势。SignificanceThe atmospheric detection of the mesosphere(about 80-110 km)is of scientific research and application significance.There are many important spatial features and phenomena in this region,including the coldest altitude of the Earth's atmosphere(~9o km),and special phenomena such as high-altitude noctilucent clouds,temperature inversion layer,and atmospheric metal layers also occur in this region.Gravity wave fragmentation makes the atmospheric disturbances in this region particularly intense,and the wind shear in this region becomes extremely intense.This region is also part of the atmospheric photochemical layer,and the atmospheric compositions have dramatic diurnal variations.With the development of aerospace,the influence of this region needs to be closely focused on.For example,suborbital flights(generally defined as 35 to 300 km to the Earth)involve this region,and these studies wil lay a solid foundation for future suborbital commercial flights.This region has long been relatively unknown to humans because of the limitations of traditional detection methods.Fortunately,there are atmospheric metal layers in this region.As the cross section of resonance fluorescence scattering of metal atoms and ions is much larger than those of Rayleigh scattering and Raman scattering,it can be employed to detect low-concentration atmospheric components.In the past half century,by adopting the transition spectra of atoms and ions at specific wavelengths,the metal layer of the atmosphere has been detected by lasers with specific wavelengths and laser remote sensing technology.These metal atoms and ions are excellent tracers of atmospheric fluctuations,and many parameters such as atomic number density,temperature,and wind have been obtained.In recent years,with the discovery of thermospheric metal layers,the height range of atmospheric metal layers has been expanded,and the study of metal layers has been paid great attention to.Progress Based on the research of our team and collaborators,we introduce the development

关 键 词：激光雷达 染料激光器 OPO激光器 和频技术 窄带滤光 

分 类 号：TN958.98[电子电信—信号与信息处理]