弗兰克-赫兹实验中电流变化的研究  

Study on the Mechanism of Electric Current Variation in the Frank-Hertz Experiment

作　　者：张顺 易庭丰[1] 吕宪魁[1] ZHANG Shun;YI Tingfeng;LU Xiankui(School of Physics and Electronic Information,Yunnan Normal University,Kunming 650500,China)

机构地区：[1]云南师范大学物理与电子信息学院,云南昆明650500

出　　处：《大学物理实验》2023年第5期29-33,71,共6页Physical Experiment of College

基　　金：高等学校教学研究项目(DWJZW202235xn)。

摘　　要：弗兰克-赫兹实验对于学生学习和理解量子现象有重要作用,通过理论推导和实验,研究电子在F-H管中的运动情况;分析减速电压、加速电压对电流强度的影响;第一栅极电压对电子能量的影响,通过实验研究栅极电压、时间步距对电流强度的作用情况。结果显示减速电压、栅极电压和时间步距对电子的振荡有影响;第一栅极电压也会使电流产生周期性变化。针对实验现象,提出一些可能的解释,这对物理实验教学有一定启发。The Frank-Hertz experiment plays an important role in students’learning and understanding of quantum phenomena.Through theoretical derivation and experiments,the movement of electrons in F-H tube is studied,and the influence of reverse voltage and acceleration voltage on current intensity is analyzed on this basis.The influence of the first grid voltage on the electron energy is analyzed,and the effect of the grid voltage on the current intensity is studied through a large number of experiments,and the possible reasons for this phenomenon are proposed.This has certain inspiration for physics experiment teaching.

关 键 词：弗兰克-赫兹实验 电子振荡 减速电压 栅极电压 电流变化 

分 类 号：O4-33[理学—物理]