First platelet transfusion refractoriness in a patient with acute myelocytic leukemia: A case report  

作　　者：Sheng-Ke Tu Hong-Jie Fan Zi-Wei Shi Xiao-Lan Li Min Li Kui Song 

机构地区：[1]Department of Hematology,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan Province,China [2]Department of Pharmacy,The First Affiliated Hospital of Jishou University,Jishou 416000,Hunan Province,China

出　　处：《World Journal of Clinical Cases》2023年第29期7156-7161,共6页世界临床病例杂志

基　　金：Supported by Innovation Platform and Talent Program of Hunan Province,No.2021SK4050.

摘　　要：BACKGROUND Platelet transfusion is of great significance in the treatment of thrombocytopenia caused by myelosuppression during intensive chemotherapy in patients with acute leukemia.In recent years,with platelet transfusion increasing,ineffective platelet transfusion has become increasingly prominent.Generally speaking,platelet antibodies can be produced after repeated transfusion,thus rendering subsequent platelet transfusion ineffective.We report a case of first platelet transfusion refractoriness(PTR)in a patient with acute myelocytic leukemia(AML).Due to the rarity of such cases in clinical practice,there have been no relevant case reports so far.CASE SUMMARY A 51-year-old female patient attended the hospital due to throat pain and abnormal blood cells for 4 d.Her diagnosis was acute myelocytic leukemia[M2 type Fms related receptor tyrosine kinase 3,Isocitrate Dehydrogenase 1,Nucleophosmin 1,Neuroblastoma RAS viral oncogene homolog(+)high-risk group].She was treated with"IA"(IDA 10 mg day 1-3 and Ara-C 0.2 g day 1-5)chemotherapy.When her condition improved,the patient was discharged from the hospital,instructed to take medicine as prescribed by the doctor after discharge,and returned to the hospital for further chemotherapy on time.CONCLUSION We report a rare case of first platelet transfusion failure in a patient with AML during induction chemotherapy,which may be related to the production of platelet antibodies induced by antibiotics and excessive tumor load.This also suggests that we should consider the influence of antibiotics when the rare situation of first platelet transfusion failure occurs in patients with AML.When platelet antibodies are produced,immunoglobulins can be used to block antibodies,thereby reducing platelet destruction.For patients with PTR,both immune and non-immune factors need to be considered and combined in clinical practice along with individualized treatment to effectively solve the problem.

关 键 词：Acute myelocytic leukemia First platelet transfusion refractoriness MYELOSUPPRESSION Nonimmune causes Immune-mediated causes Case report 

分 类 号：R733.71[医药卫生—肿瘤]