黑龙江省短历时降水时空分布特征研究  

Temporal and Spatial Distribution Characteristics of Short-Duration Precipitation in Heilongjiang Province

作　　者：徐永清[1] 王承伟[2] 刘春生[1] 蒋慧亮[1] 魏磊[1] XU Yong-qing;WANG Cheng-wei;LIU Chun-sheng;JIANG Hui-liang;WEI Lei(Heilongjiang Climate Center,Heilongjiang Harbin 150030;Heilongjiang Meteorological Observatory,Heilongjiang Harbin 150030)

机构地区：[1]黑龙江省气候中心,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省气象台,黑龙江哈尔滨150030

出　　处：《黑龙江气象》2023年第3期1-5,18,共6页Heilongjiang Meteorology

摘　　要：以百分位法和空间系统聚类法为理论基础,利用GIS空间插值技术,分析近30 a(1991—2020年)黑龙江省短历时(1 h、3 h、6 h、12 h)降水时空分布特征。结果表明:黑龙江省短历时降水分布趋势与夏季降水量分布趋势差异较大;短历时降水极值分布较为分散,基本上在西部松嫩平原地区最高,北部大、小兴安岭地区和东南山区最低;短历时降水99%、95%和90%分位,在西部松嫩平原地区最高,向东南和东部两个方向逐渐降低,大、小兴安岭最低;短历时降水从极值到99%、95%、90%分位降水量迅速下降,短历时降水高值在总降水样本中出现比例较小;黑龙江省各短历时降水的极值和均值年际变化趋势基本一致,各短历时的极值均呈明显增加趋势,历时越短增加趋势越明显。Based on the percentile method and spatial system clustering method,and GIS spatial interpolation technology is used.The temporal and spatial variation characteristics of short duration(1 h,3 h,6 h,12 h)precipitation extreme value,99%quantile,95%quantile,and 90%quantile in Heilongjiang Province in the past 30 years(1991-2020)were analyzed,and the climate of Heilongjiang Province was divided into different regions combined with topographic factors.The results show that the distribution trend of short-duration precipitation is different from that of summer precipitation in Heilongjiang Province.The distribution of short-duration precipitation extrema is relatively scattered,and the maximum value is basically the highest in the western Songnen Plain,and the lowest in the northern Greater and Lesser Xing’anling Mountains and the southeastern mountains.The short-duration precipitation of 99%,95%and 90%is the highest in the western Songnen Plain,and gradually decreases in the southeast and east directions,and is lower in the southeastern mountains,and the lowest in the greater and lesser Xing’anling Mountains.Short-duration precipitation decreased rapidly from extreme value to 99%,95%and 90%quantile precipitation,and the proportion of short-duration precipitation high value in total precipitation samples was small.The inter-annual variation trend of the extreme value and mean value of each short-duration precipitation in Heilongjiang Province is basically the same,and the extreme value of each short-duration presents an obvious increasing trend.

关 键 词：短历时降水 时空分布特征 黑龙江 

分 类 号：P468.024[天文地球—大气科学及气象学]