广西主要金花茶组植物的花粉形态及其分类学意义  

POLLEN MORPHOLOGY AND TAXONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF MAIN SPECIES OF SECT.CHRYSANTHA CHANG IN GUANGXI

作　　者：秦琳娟 郝秀东 欧阳绪红 廖南燕 李立学 薛美玲 劳月英 韦嘉胜 QIN Linjuan;HAO Xiudong;OUYANG Xuhong;LIAO Nanyan;LI Lixue;XUE Meiling;LAO Yueying;WEI Jiasheng(Key Laboratory of Environment Change and Resources Use in Beibu Gulf(Nanning Normal University),Ministry of Education,Nanning 530001,China;Guangxi Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Intelligent Simulation(Nanning Normal University),Nanning 530001,China;State Key Laboratory of Palaeobiology and Stratigraphy,Nanjing Institute of Geology and Palaeontology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;Guangxi Academy of Sciences,Guangxi Mangrove Research Center,Guangxi Key Lab of Mangrove Conservation and Utilization,Beihai 536000,China;Institute of Karst Geology,CAGS/Key Laboratory of Karst Dynamics,MNR&GZAR,Guilin 541004,China;Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region Fangcheng Camellia National Nature Reserve Management Center,Guangxi Fangchenggang 538021,China)

机构地区：[1]南宁师范大学北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室,南宁530001 [2]南宁师范大学广西地表过程与智能模拟重点实验室,南宁530001 [3]中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室,南京210008 [4]广西红树林研究中心广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室,北海536000 [5]中国地质科学院岩溶地质研究所,自然资源部/广西岩溶动力学重点实验室,桂林541004 [6]广西壮族自治区防城金花茶国家级自然保护区管理中心,防城港538021

出　　处：《微体古生物学报》2023年第3期252-261,共10页Acta Micropalaeontologica Sinica

基　　金：广西科技计划项目(桂科AD20159025);广西自然科学基金(2023GXNSFBA026263);国家自然科学基金项目(U20A2048,42001076);中国科学院南京地质古生物研究所现代古生物学和地层学国家重点实验室开放基金(223109);广西岩溶动力学重大科技创新基地开放基金(KDL&Guangxi202204);广西红树林保护与利用重点实验室开放基金(GKLMC-201902);北部湾环境演变与资源利用教育部重点实验室开放基金(NNNU-KLOP-X1919,NNNU-KLOP-X2101)联合资助。

摘　　要：金花茶组(Sect. Chrysantha Chang)植物分布狭窄,大部分野生金花茶资源仅分布于广西壮族自治区防城港市,具有较高的观赏价值、食用价值和药用价值。本研究应用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜对广西防城金花茶国家级自然保护区的18种(包括4变种)金花茶组植物的花粉进行了观察和研究,详细地描述了它们的花粉形态。结果表明,金花茶组植物的花粉平均大小为37.6μm×28.5μm,沟长为32.9μm,极轴/赤道轴(P/E)值为1.35。单粒花粉呈近球形或长球形,具三拟孔沟或三孔沟,内孔横长,外壁具有细微的瘤状、脑纹状或颗粒状纹饰,符合山茶属花粉形态的一般特征。花粉外壁纹饰在各个种间又存在较明显差异,可作为金花茶组植物进一步分类鉴定的依据。最后,结合聚类分析结果及花粉形态的演化规律分析研究了金花茶组植物花粉的演化规律和分类学意义,为探究金花茶组植物的迁移和演化提供重要参考依据。The plant of Sect.Chrysantha Chang,which has high ornamental,edible and medicinal values,has a narrow distribution,with most of the wild Camellia Chrysantha resources being only developed in Fangchenggang City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.In this study,optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy were used to observe and study the pollen morphology of 18 species of Sect.Chrysantha Chang in the Fangcheng Camellia National Nature Reserve Management Center in Fangchenggang City,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,China.Their pollen morphology was described in detail.The results show that the pollen size of Sect.Chrysantha Chang is 37.6μm×28.5μm,the groove length is 32.9μm,and the P/E value is 1.35.Single pollen grain is nearly spherical or spherical,with three-pore or three-pore groove,the inner hole is transversely long,and the outer wall has fine tumorlike ornamentation,brain striated ornamentation or granular ornamentation,which confirms the general characteristics of Camellia pollen morphology.There are obvious differences in the exine ornamentation of pollen among various varieties,which can be useful for the classification and identification of plants in the Sect.Chrysantha Chang.Finally,the morphological evolution and taxonomic significance of pollen of the Sect.Chrysantha Chang was analyzed by using cluster analysis.The research also provides an important reference for application of this pollen group in stratigraphic palynology.

关 键 词：金花茶组 花粉形态 光学显微镜 扫描电镜 分类 

分 类 号：S685.14[农业科学—观赏园艺]