缺陷单电池对车用燃料电池性能的影响研究  

Study on the Impact of Defective Single Cell on the Performance of Vehicular Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell

作　　者：周辉[1] 刘志恩[1] 李永超 卢炽华[1,2] 杜常清 Zhou Hui;Liu Zhi’en;Li Yongchao;Lu Chihua;Du Changqing(Wuhan University of Technology,Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components,Wuhan 430070;Foshan Xianhu Laboratory of the Advanced Energy Science and Technology Guangdong Laboratory,Foshan 528200)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学,现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,武汉430070 [2]先进能源科学与技术广东省实验室佛山分中心(佛山仙湖实验室),佛山528200

出　　处：《汽车工程》2023年第10期1876-1884,1943,共10页Automotive Engineering

基　　金：先进能源科学与技术广东省实验室佛山分中心(佛山仙湖实验室)开放基金(XHD2020-003);湖北省科技重大专项(2021AAA006)资助。

摘　　要：缺陷单电池的存在对于燃料电池系统的可靠性及耐久性具有重要影响。本文通过电压巡检定位了电堆的缺陷单电池编号,基于稳态工况、阶跃工况、循环工况的试验结果分析了缺陷单电池的稳态和动态性能及其对电堆一致性和系统输出的影响。结果发现,缺陷单电池相比正常电池对电堆温度更为敏感,动态响应速率慢,电压下冲与上调幅值大,循环工况电压波动剧烈。缺陷单电池是影响电堆一致性的重要因素,其电压波动率占比随变载幅度和速度的增加而增加。此外,在最低单电池电压低于0.5 V时,系统最大输出功率只达到了正常系统的76.57%。期望通过该研究为系统存在缺陷单电池时的控制策略提供参考。The reliability and durability of the fuel cell system is significantly impacted by defective single cell in the stack.Defective single cell number is identified through the cell voltage monitoring.The steady-state and dynamic performance of defective single cell and its effect on stack consistency and system output are analyzed,based on experimental results for steady-state,step and cyclic conditions.The results reveal that the defective single cell is more sensitive to stack temperature,has slower dynamic response rate,larger voltage down-shoot and upshoot amplitudes,and more drastic voltage fluctuations in cycling conditions than other normal cells.Defective sin‐gle cell is an important factor affecting the consistency of the stack and the percentage of its voltage fluctuation rate increases with the magnitude and speed of the variable load.In addition,the maximum system output power reaches only 76.57 percent of the normal system when the lowest single cell voltage is below 0.5 V.It is expected that the study can provide reference for control strategies to fuel cell system with defective single cells.

关 键 词：缺陷单电池 燃料电池系统 动态特性 一致性 

分 类 号：U469.722[机械工程—车辆工程] TM911.4[交通运输工程—载运工具运用工程]