论庄子对《齐谐》寓言的解构与重构  

Zhuangzi's Deconstruction and Reconstruction of the Fable in the Book of Qi Xie

作　　者：陈小文[1] Chen Xiaowen

机构地区：[1]商务印书馆

出　　处：《哲学研究》2023年第9期48-56,128,F0003,共11页Philosophical Research

摘　　要：《庄子·逍遥游》开篇讲述了“齐谐”之鹏的寓言,并进行了哲学的引申和发挥。历代注释者对这一段文字的解释众说纷纭,莫衷一是,意蕴不清,逻辑混乱,严重影响了对庄子思想的理解。本文用现象学的方法,把庄子的文本加以解构,将其还原为生活世界的基本经验,然后根据生活的逻辑,重构庄子的思路,通过对“正色”“培风”“将图”三个关键词的追根溯源,认为庄子把《齐谐》之鹏“徙于南冥”的行为本能,转化为“今将图南”的行动意志,把一个日常生活的寓言转化为一种哲学建构,进而探究行为举止背后的原因,寻求其内在可能性的根据,阐释了他的道法自然、人能悟道行道的思想,建构了庄子自己的“道”的哲学。The first chapter“Enjoyment in Untroubled Ease”in the Zhuangzi not only gives a fable of the bird Peng鹏which was recorded in an ancient book called Qi Xie齐谐,but also develops philosophical meanings for this fable.Previous commentators have offered various interpretations on this text,but their views are highly problematic due to many ambiguities,logical confusions,and contradictory statements,which has severely obstructed a correct understanding of the Zhuangzi.To avoid this obstacle,this article hence deconstructs relevant texts in the Zhuangzi following the phenomenological method,with the aim of manifesting its basic experience of the living world.In addition,this article also reconstructs Zhuangzi's thought in line with the logic of life,by tracing three key words,namely,“authentic color”(正色),“getting rid of wind”(培风),and“willing to project”(将图),back to their original meanings,which is in fact reinterpreting an instinctive behavior as a will to act,and thereby reshaping allegory of daily life into a philosophical construction.In this way,as I will argue,has Zhuangzi explained the ground behind the Peng's behaviors,demonstrated the idea of natural operations of the Dao道,which means that people can both understand and act by the Dao,and thus constructed his philosophy around this crucial notion.

关 键 词：齐谐 现象学 正色 培风 将图 道 

分 类 号：B223.5[哲学宗教—中国哲学]