横风下持续开口火溢流时高速列车车厢内部最大温升  

An experimental study on the maximum temperature rise inside a corridor⁃like enclosure under external wind

作　　者：郗艳红[1] 周之涵 连焕强 毛军[1] 任飞 Xi Yanhong;Zhou Zhihan;Lian Huanqiang;Mao Jun;Ren Fei(Beijing Jiaotong University,Beijing 100044,China;China Academy of Safety Science and Technology,Beijing 100012,China)

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学,北京100044 [2]中国安全生产科学研究院,北京100012

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2023年第10期190-196,共7页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52072027,52006204)。

摘　　要：高速列车车厢内部着火后,若是火势较大,容易在开口处形成持续的火溢流,加之自然界中环境风的作用,车厢内部的最大温升被显著改变。因此,根据我国某型高速列车尺寸建立1∶8模型,通过试验得到79组最大温升数据,定量研究在环境风、侧向开口和火源功率的共同影响下,当高速列车车厢火灾发展到持续火溢流燃烧阶段时,车厢内部最大温升的发展规律。结果表明:车厢内的最大温升随风速及开口尺寸的增大而增大,随火源功率的增大而减少。最后提出耦合正向环境风弗劳德数、腔室内部产热和散热关系以及火源无量纲热释放速率的无量纲特征参数,建立大长细比高速列车出现持续开口火溢流时车厢内部最大温升的预测模型,并通过试验数据与模型预测值的对比验证了模型的合理性。研究成果对于高速列车火灾的防灾减灾具有一定的参考价值。When the passenger compartment catches fire,if the fire is large,it is easy to form a persistent flame ejection through an opening􀆰Together with the effect of ambient wind,the maximum temperature rise inside the train may change significantly􀆰Experiments were carried out in a 1/8 scale model,including 79 repeatable test conditions varying in wind velocity,heat release rates(HRR)and opening sizes􀆰A quantitative study was studied to investigate the effects of a side opening and velocity and HRR on the maximum temperature rise inside a corridor⁃like enclosure fire􀆰The results showed that the maximum temperature rise may increase with an increase of wind velocity and opening size,and may decrease with an increase of HRR􀆰A formula was established to describe the maximum temperature rise as a function of a defined dimensionless integrated parameter,including wind velocity,fuel combustion heat release and heat loss factors􀆰The formula involving HRR and opening ventilation is generally used to reflect their interplay in the maximum temperature rise inside the compartment􀆰The proposed relationship fits well with the experimental data and lays an essential foundation for quantifying the temperature rise in various opening sizes,wind velocity and HRRs in a corridor⁃like enclosure fire􀆰The research results may be referred to by the disaster prevention and mitigation of high⁃speed train fire.

关 键 词：高速列车火灾 最大温度 通风控制 开口火溢流 环境风 

分 类 号：U271.91[机械工程—车辆工程]