Production of autotetraploid plants by in vitro chromosome engineering in Allium hirtifolium  

作　　者：Nasrin Farhadi Jaber Panahandeh Alireza Motallebi-Azar Sam Mokhtarzadeh 

机构地区：[1]Department of Horticultural Science,Faculty of Agriculture,University of Tabriz,Tabriz 51666-14766,Iran [2]Field Crops Department,Faculty of Agriculture,University of Duzce,Duzce 81620,Turkey

出　　处：《Horticultural Plant Journal》2023年第5期986-998,共13页园艺学报（英文版）

基　　金：This project was supported by the vice chancellery of research and technology of the University of Tabriz as the PhD.thesis of Nasrin Farhadi.

摘　　要：Persian shallot has been propagated vegetatively through daughter bulbs and has a narrow genetic base.In the present study,to create genetic diversity in terms of ploidy level,the effects of in vitro polyploidization were investigated on morphological,physiological and phytochemical traits.Different colchicine treatments(0,0.3%,0.5% and 0.7% concentrations)for 24,36 and 48 h and oryzalin treatments(0,0.001%,0.002% and 0.004% concentrations)for 4,6 and 8 h were used.A sterile basal plate of bulbs was used for the induction of polyploidy in liquid and solid media.After obtaining plantlets,root tip chromosomes were counted for the determination of ploidy levels.Flow cytometry was performed to confirm the chromosome counting results.The regenerated diploid and tetraploid plantlets were transferred to ex vitro conditions.Colchicine and oryzalin were both successful in inducing polyploids and the polyploids induced were tetraploids and mixoploids.The highest induction of polyploidy was obtained in solid media using 0.5%(w/v)colchicine for 36 h(35.0% polyploidy induction)and in 0.001%(w/v)Oryzalin for 8 h(45.5% polyploidy induction).Differences in plantlet height and weight,bulblet weight,density,stomatal width and length,and chlorophyll content were observed between tetraploid and diploid plants.Chromosome duplication,as a result of tetraploid induction,significantly influenced the antioxidant content and enzyme activities.The results showed that total phenolic content,allicin,and antioxidant capacity were significantly higher in the tetraploid plantlets than that in the diploid plantlets.SRAP loci polymorphisms indicated that the 12 autotetraploid plants(with high allicin content)had different genotypes from the parental diploid plant.Besides,in vitro polyploidy induction not only duplicated chromosomes but also altered the DNA sequence in Allium hirtifolium.In vitro induction of tetraploids in A.hirtifolium can be a reliable way to obtain suitable plant material for breeding programs to generate new genotypic variati

关 键 词：Persian shallot Allium hirtifolium POLYPLOIDY COLCHICINE ORYZALIN Molecular marker 

分 类 号：S633.4[农业科学—蔬菜学]