不同添加剂对不同青贮饲料营养品质的影响  

Effect of different additives on nutritional quality of different silages

作　　者：马亚珺 杨国柱[1] 段瑞君[1] 李小安 胡月明 MA Ya-jun;YANG Guo-zhu;DUAN Rui-jun;LI Xiao-an;HU Yue-ming

机构地区：[1]青海大学生态环境工程研究中心,青海大学农牧学院,青海大学生态环境工程学院,青海省海南州同德县001号科技特派员工作站,青海西宁810016 [2]海南大学,海南海口570228

出　　处：《饲料研究》2023年第19期93-96,共4页Feed Research

基　　金：青海省海南藏族自治州科技惠民计划项目“贵德县菌草建植和青贮技术集成与示范(项目编号:2022-KH06-C)”;中央财政林草科技推广示范项目“紫花苜蓿新品系原种更新复壮技术集成与示范(项目编号:青(2020)TG11)”;青海省科技厅科技特派员专项“同德地区青大1号紫花苜蓿建植技术集成与示范(项目编号:2023-NK-P23)”;青海省科技厅重点研发与转化计划项目“青海省高原紫花苜蓿品种适应性评价及示范(项目编号:2022-NK-135)”。

摘　　要：试验旨在研究不同添加剂对不同青贮饲料营养品质的影响。以紫花苜蓿、玉米、豆禾混合(苜蓿、玉米青贮鲜草质量比5∶5)为试验材料,分别添加甲酸、氯化钠、EM原液、植物乳杆菌进行青贮,以添加蒸馏水为对照。青贮发酵6个月,测定青贮饲料的营养指标。结果表明,甲酸、氯化钠、EM原液和植物乳杆菌组苜蓿青贮的灰分、粗蛋白、钙含量均显著低于对照组(P<0.05),中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),氯化钠、EM原液组苜蓿青贮钾含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。甲酸、氯化钠、EM原液、植物乳杆菌组玉米青贮水分、粗蛋白、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),氯化钠组玉米青贮灰分含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),氯化钠、EM原液、植物乳杆菌组玉米青贮的钙含量均显著高于对照组(P<0.05),氯化钠、EM原液组玉米青贮钾显著低于对照组(P<0.05)。氯化钠、EM原液、植物乳杆菌组豆禾混合青贮水分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),甲酸、氯化钠组豆禾混合青贮灰分含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05),EM原液、植物乳杆菌组豆禾混合青贮灰分显著低于对照组(P<0.05),甲酸、氯化钠、EM原液、植物乳杆菌组豆禾混合青贮粗蛋白显著低于对照组(P<0.05),甲酸、EM原液、植物乳杆菌组豆禾混合青贮中性洗涤纤维显著高于对照组(P<0.05),甲酸、氯化钠、EM原液、植物乳杆菌组豆禾混合青贮酸性洗涤纤维显著高于对照组(P<0.05),钙含量显著低于对照组(P<0.05),甲酸、氯化钠、植物乳杆菌组豆禾混合青贮钾含量显著高于对照组(P<0.05)。研究表明,不同添加剂均可以改善青贮饲料的营养品质,提高营养价值,提高营养成分利用率。The experiment was designed to study the effect of different additives on the nutritional quality of different silages.A mixture of alfalfa,corn,soybean and grain(weight ratio of alfalfa and corn silage was 5∶5)was used as experimental material,adding formic acid,sodium chloride,EM stock solution,Lactobacillus plantarum silage,and distilled water was used as control.Silage fermented for six months,determinated of silage nutrition indicators.The results showed that ash,crude protein and calcium content of alfalfa silage in formic acid,sodium chloride,EM stock solution and Lactobacillus plantarum groups were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.05),the content of neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),and the potassium content of alfalfa silage in sodium chloride and EM stock solution groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05).The content of water,crude protein,neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber of corn silage in formic acid,sodium chloride,EM stock solution and Lactobacillus plantarum groups were significantly higher than those in control group(P<0.05),while the ash content of corn silage in sodium chloride group was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).The calcium content of corn silage in sodium chloride,EM stock solution and Lactobacillus plantarum groups was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.05),and the potassium content of corn silage in sodium chloride and EM stock solution groups was significantly lower than that in control group(P<0.05).Sodium chloride group,EM stock solution,Lactobacillus plantarum groups bean grain mixed silage moisture content was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05),formic acid,sodium chloride group bean grain mixed silage ash content was significantly higher than control group(P<0.05),and the EM stock solution,Lactobacillus plantarum groups bean grain mixed silage ash content was significantly lower than control g

关 键 词：不同添加剂 苜蓿青贮 玉米青贮 豆禾混合青贮 营养品质 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]