旋转导向系统及其控制方法研究进展  

Research progress of rotary steerable system and its control methods

作　　者：黎伟[1,2] 牟磊 周贤成 谭先辉 付权 LI Wei;MOU Lei;ZHOU Xiancheng;TAN Xianhui;FU Quan(School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Southwest Petroleum University,Chengdu 610500,China;Key Laboratory of Oil and Gas Equipment Ministry of Education,Chengdu 610500,China)

机构地区：[1]西南石油大学机电工程学院,四川成都610500 [2]石油天然气装备教育部重点实验室,四川成都610500

出　　处：《煤田地质与勘探》2023年第10期167-179,共13页Coal Geology & Exploration

基　　金：四川省区域创新合作项目(2020YFQ0035);四川省科技厅苗子工程项目(2019131);深水钻井工程四川省自然科学基金创新研究群体项目(2023NSFSC1980)。

摘　　要：旋转导向系统是定向钻井技术中一颗璀璨的明珠,是实现油气资源低成本、高效开发的重要技术手段。首先阐述了旋转导向系统的基本结构,根据不同的导向方式和偏置效果可分为静态推靠式、动态推靠式、静态指向式、动态指向式、混合式五大类,并逐一分析其定向原理;其次根据国内外旋转导向系统技术研究及应用情况,系统分析了推靠式、指向式、混合式的发展现状,归纳分析了不同技术的优缺点;同时从现代控制、智能控制、复合控制3个方向梳理总结了旋转导向控制系统控制策略的基本情况进展;最后,讨论了我国未来旋转导向技术的发展方向和控制系统设计所面临的难点问题以及解决思路。指出:(1)我国应该完善现有的推靠式和指向式系统,提升系统造斜率、稳定性、自动化和智能化程度,开展导向技术、双向通信、井下闭环控制等配套技术的研究,进一步提升系统的工业化应用能力。(2)开展混合式旋转导向系统地面监控、双向通讯、随钻测量和井底钻具组合四大子系统的理论研究。(3)针对钻井环境多样化、控制能力精细化和控制需求智能化等诸多挑战,提出今后控制技术研究应重点关注3个方向:多种控制方法的综合应用、对复杂环境和未知挑战的自适应容错能力、基于智能技术的决策/控制一体化。本研究为我国未来旋转导向系统的研制和完善提供有益的参考;对控制系统而言则在多种控制方法综合发展基础上结合人工智能技术,形成一套能够有效应对未来挑战的控制策略。Rotary steerable system is a shining pearl in directional drilling technology and an important technical means to realize the low-cost and efficient development of oil and gas resources.First of all,the basic structure of the rotary steerable system was introduced.According to the different steering modes and bias effects,the rotary steerable system is divided into five categories:static push-the-bit type,dynamic push-the-bit type,static pointing type,dynamic point-thebit type and mixed type,for which the steering principle was analyzed one by one.Secondly,according to the research and application of rotary steerable system technology at home and abroad,the development status of push-the-bit,pointthe-bit and mixed types of the rotary steerable systems was systematically analyzed,with the advantages and disadvantages of different technologies summarized.Meanwhile,the basic situation and progress of the development of rotary steerable control system were summarized from the three directions of modern control,intelligent control and com-pound control.Finally,discussion was performed on the future development direction of rotary steerable technology,as well as the difficulties in the design of rotary steerable control system and their solutions.On this basis,it was pointed out that:(1)The current push-the-bit and point-the-bit type rotary steerable systems of China should be improved to promote the build-up rate,stability,automation and intelligence of the system,and the research on guiding technology,twoway communication,downhole closed-loop control and other supporting technologies should be carried out,so as to further improve the industrial application capability of the system.(2)Theoretical research should be conducted for the four subsystems of surface monitoring,two-way communication,measurement-while-drilling and bottomhole assemble of the mixed type rotary steerable system.(3)In response to the challenges of diversified drilling environment,refined control ability and intelligent control requirements,it was

关 键 词：旋转导向系统 导向原理 RSS控制方法 非线性控制 智能控制 

分 类 号：TD42[矿业工程—矿山机电]