烟草漂浮秧盘自动移栽机的设计与试验  

Design and experiment of an automatic transplanter for tobacco floating seedling tray

作　　者：邹鑫 陈斌[1] 肖名涛[1] 何阳 余贝 向鹏华 ZOU Xin;CHEN Bin;XIAO Mingtao;HENG Yang;YU Bei;XIANG Penghua(College of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan Tobacco Company,Changsha,Hunan 410128,China;Hunan tobacco companies Hengyang company,Hengyang,Hunan 421000,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学机电工程学院,湖南长沙410428 [2]湖南省烟草公司,湖南长沙410128 [3]湖南省烟草公司衡阳市公司,湖南衡阳421000

出　　处：《农业工程与装备》2023年第3期10-14,17,共6页AGRICULTURAL ENGINEERING AND EQUIPMENT

基　　金：湖南省烟草公司科技研发项目(湖南烤烟移栽装备研发及配套技术研究)。

摘　　要：针对烟草钵苗手动或半自动移栽过程中存在的种植密度低,人力成本高,生产效益低等问题,设计了一种双向对称自动取苗装置和与之配套的送盘装置,以现有手动投苗自走式移栽机底盘为基础,组装样机进行了试验。试验结果证明,采用双向对称布置的自动取苗方案,左右两组对称交错取苗能有效提高取苗效率和移栽速度;采用级进式逐行抓取钵苗的方式,克服了烟草漂浮硬质秧盘自动取苗的空间受限问题;采用零位传感步进电机控制的自动取苗系统,可将单行取投苗误差控制在4 mm以内,单行平均误差为1.79 mm,当气动回路的压力达到0.38 Mpa时,夹持拔苗的成功率能达到100%,可满足作业需求。In response to the problems of low planting density,high labor consumption,and low production efficiency in the manual or semi-automatic transplanting process of tobacco bowl seedlings,a bidirectional symmetrical automatic seedling picking device and its matching tray feeding device were designed.Based on the existing manual seedling-feeding self-propelled transplanting machine chassis,an automatic transplanting prototype was assembled for testing.The experimental results have shown that using an automatic seedling picking scheme with the bidirectional symmetric arrangement and symmetrical staggered seedling picking for the left and right groups can effectively improve seedling picking efficiency and transplanting speed.The use of progressive row-by-row grabbing of seedlings overcomes the space limitation problem of automatic picking of tobacco floating hard seedling trays.The automatic seedling picking system controlled by a zero position sensing stepper motor can control the error of single-row seedling picking and drop within 4mm,with an average error of 1.79 mm per row.When the pressure of the pneumatic circuit reaches 0.38MPa,the success rate of clamping and pulling seedlings can reach 100%,which can meet the operational requirements.

关 键 词：烟草漂浮秧盘 自动移栽机 设计方案 

分 类 号：S223.9[农业科学—农业机械化工程]