辅酶渣替代鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹生长及肠道菌群的影响  

Growth,health and intestinal microbiota of Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)fed diets with coenzyme residue replacing fish meal

作　　者：蔡欣妤 刘佳岱 李二超[1] 宋铭琪 余秋然 王涵 王晓丹[1] 陈立侨[1] CAI Xinyu;LIU Jiadai;LI Erchao;SONG Mingqi;YU Qiuran;WANG Han;WANG Xiaodan;CHEN Liqiao(Laboratory of Aquaculture Nutrition and Environmental Health,School of Life Science,East China Normal University,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,水生动物营养与环境健康实验室,上海200241

出　　处：《水产学报》2023年第10期11-22,共12页Journal of Fisheries of China

基　　金：财政部和农业农村部国家现代农业产业技术体系;国家自然科学基金(32072986);上海市中华绒螯蟹产业技术体系(202304)。

摘　　要：为探究饲料中辅酶渣替代鱼粉对中华绒螯蟹生长性能、健康情况和肠道菌群的影响,以中华绒螯蟹幼蟹(0.70±0.01g)为研究对象,分别以等蛋白的辅酶渣替代基础饲料中鱼粉的0%(对照组,含20%鱼粉)、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%(记为C、T20、T40、T60、T80、T100)的饲料投喂8周。结果显示,与C组相比,T40组生长性能无显著改变,T60组肌肉粗蛋白含量显著降低。T80组、T100组生长性能、体粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量显著降低;与C组相比,替代组血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、碱性磷酸酶(AKP)、甘油三酯(TG)水平未见显著差异,总蛋白水平(TP)在T100组显著降低。血清葡萄糖(Glu)在替代组中显著降低。T60、T80、T100组的血清总胆固醇(T-CHO)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)含量显著降低,T80、T100组的血清低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)含量显著降低;与C组相比,各替代组肝胰腺超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性无显著差异,谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著上升,T100组丙二醛(MDA)含量显著降低;C、T40、T80组肠道菌群α多样性指数无显著差异,主坐标分析显示T80组蟹肠道菌群组成较C组发生改变。研究表明,辅酶渣替代饲料中40%的鱼粉对幼蟹的生长、抗氧化能力、肠道菌群无负面影响,但当替代比例超过80%时将导致幼蟹的生长性能下降、营养物质积累减少和肠道菌群稳态发生改变。Coenzyme residue(CR)is a by-product of the production of coenzyme Q10.It is mainly obtained by fermentation products of Rhodobacter sphaeroides,glucose,and corn steep liquor.At present,it has been approved as a feed material for aquaculture of aquatic animals in China.To explore the effect of CR replacing fish meal in the compound feed of juvenile Chinese mitten crab(Eriocheir sinensis)on the growth performance,health and intestinal flora,juvenile crabs(0.70±0.01 g)were fed in an 8-week feeding trial.On the basis of 20%fish meal level(control group),CR was used to replace 20%,40%,60%,80%,100%fish meal in the feed(recorded as C,T20,T40,T60,T80,T100).The results showed that,compared with C,the growth performance of T40 had no significant change,and the crude protein content of muscle in T60 was significantly reduced.The growth performance,body crude protein and crude fat content of T80 and T100 were significantly reduced;Serum alanine aminotransferase(ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST),alkaline phosphatase(AKP),triglyceride(TG)showed no significant difference among the groups.Total protein(TP)level was significantly decreased in T100.Serum glucose(Glu)was significantly decreased in the replacement groups.The serum levels of total cholesterol(T-CHO)and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)in T60,T80 and T100 were significantly decreased,and the levels of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol(LDL-C)in T80 and T100 were significantly decreased.Compared with C,there was no significant difference in the activity of hepatopancreas superoxide dismutase(SOD),glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity increased significantly.The content of malondialdehyde(MDA)decreased significantly in T100.Alpha diversity index showed no significant difference among three treatments(C,T40,T80).Principal coordinate analysis(PCoA)suggested that the microbial community structure in T80 group changed compared with the C group.In conclusion,CR can replace 40%fish meal in the feed of juvenile Eriocheir sinensis without affecting growth perfor

关 键 词：中华绒螯蟹 单细胞蛋白 辅酶Q10渣 鱼粉替代 生长性能 肠道菌群 

分 类 号：S963[农业科学—水产养殖]