中国心脏骤停与心肺复苏报告(2022年版)概要  

Report on Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in China(2022):a Summary

作　　者：中国心脏骤停与心肺复苏报告编写组 徐峰 陈玉国 The Writing Committee of the Report on Cardiac Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation in China;XU Feng;CHEN Yuguo

机构地区：[1]不详

出　　处：《中国循环杂志》2023年第10期1005-1017,共13页Chinese Circulation Journal

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查专项(2018FY100600,2018FY100602);国家重点研发计划(2020YFC1512700,2020YFC1512705,2020YFC 1512703);山东省重点研发计划(2021ZLGX02,2021SFGC0503,2022ZLGX03)。

摘　　要：心脏骤停致死、致残率高,是严重威胁人民群众生命健康的重大公共卫生问题之一。充分认识现状、加强防治刻不容缓。2020年,中国七大地理区域经紧急医疗服务(EMS)接诊的院外心脏骤停(OHCA)发病率为97.1/10万,较以往有报道的部分地区数据(22.9/10万~80.6/10万)有明显上升趋势;患者存活出院率为1.2%,神经功能预后良好率为0.8%,近十年来改善不够明显。中国七大地理区域成人院内心脏骤停(IHCA)发病率为8.4‰,存活出院率为9.4%,神经功能预后良好率为6.7%。心脏骤停救治生存链中的多个环节在中国的实施情况有一定改善,但仍存在较大提升空间,如公众(旁观者)实施心肺复苏(CPR)的比例有所增长(已达17.0%),公众使用自动体外除颤器(AED)率仍不足0.1%,EMS反应中位时间较长(12 min)等。而且,多年来各地区数据采集欠规范,导致多项救治措施实施情况不明确。公众CPR普及率和AED配置数量在部分城市有所提高,但多数地区未有数据报道。AED布局的合理性及信息可及性也尚不理想。医护CPR培训和考核体系仍需进一步完善。中国心脏骤停发病负担重、救治效果欠佳,多年来虽取得一定进步,但仍亟需提高各界对心脏骤停防治的重视程度、积极推动心脏骤停数据规范化上报、做好高危患者筛查及预防、加强CPR公众教育和医护培训、优化医疗资源配置、开展科技创新工作等,以切实降 低心脏骤停发生风险、改善患者生存和预后。Cardiac arrest is one of the major public health problems that severely threaten people's lives and health due to its high mortality and disability rates.There is an urgent need to fully understand the situation and strengthen related prevention and control strategies.In 2020,the incidence of emergency medical services(EMS)-assessed out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA)in 7 geographic regions of China was 97.1 per 100000,which was significantly higher than the previously reported data in some cities(22.9 per 100000-80.6 per 100000).However,survival to discharge was only 1.2%and good neurological function was 0.8%,with no appreciable improvement over a decade.The incidence of adult in-hospital cardiac arrest(IHCA)was 8.4‰in 7 geographic regions.The survival to discharge was 9.4%and good neurological function was 6.7%.The implementation of links in the chain of survival has been improved to some extent in China,but there is still much room for improvement,such as the proportion of the bystander cardiopulmonary resuscitation(CPR)has increased(up to 17.0%),the use of automated external defibrillator(AED)by the public is still less than 0.1%,and the median EMS response time remains long(12 minutes).Data collection was not standardized,so the implementation of multiple treatment measures remained unclear.The public CPR penetration rate and the number of AED allocations have increased in some cities,but data are not available in most regions.The AED allocation is not ideal in terms of rationality and information accessibility.Further improvements are still needed in the CPR training and assessment system for medical providers.In China,the burden of cardiac arrest is heavy and treatment efficacy is not satisfactory.Although some progress has been achieved over the years,there is still an urgent need to increase the attention of all sectors in terms of prevention and treatment of cardiac arrest,actively promote the standardized data reporting,reinforce screening and prevention of high-risk patients,strengthen public educ

关 键 词：心脏骤停 心肺复苏 流行病学 发病率 存活率 生存链 培训 自动体外除颤器 防治 

分 类 号：R54[医药卫生—心血管疾病]