着丝粒与动粒的功能、结构和动态组装  

The function,structure and dynamic organization of centromeres and kinetochores

作　　者：窦震[1,2] 刘冉 臧建业 姚雪彪[1,2] 刘行 Zhen Dou;Ran Liu;Jianye Zang;Xuebiao Yao;Xing Liu(MOE Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics,School of Life Sciences,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230026,China;Hefei National Research Center for Physical Sciences at the Microscale,Anhui Key Laboratory for Cellular Dynamics and Chemical Biology,University of Science and Technology of China,Hefei 230027,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学技术大学无膜细胞器与细胞动力学教育部重点实验室,生命科学学院,安徽合肥230026 [2]中国科学技术大学合肥微尺度物质科学国家研究中心,安徽省细胞动力学和化学生物学重点实验室,安徽合肥230027

出　　处：《中国科学技术大学学报》2023年第9期1-8,66,共9页JUSTC

基　　金：supported by the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFA1303100, 2022YFA0806800);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (32090040, 31621002, 31871359, 32170733, 92153302);the Ministry of Education (IRT_17R102, 20113402130010, YD2070006001);the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (WK2070000194)

摘　　要：确保真核生物物种的遗传信息在亲代与子代之间忠实地传递是细胞有丝分裂的一项基本任务。着丝粒是一个特殊的染色体区域,对于在有丝分裂过程中介导姐妹染色单体的排列和分离至关重要。着丝粒身份确定是由含有着丝粒蛋白A(CENP-A)的核小体这种表观遗传机制决定的。CENP-A核小体为有丝分裂期内层动粒和外层动粒组装的关联提供了基础。本文回顾了着丝粒身份确定、内层动粒功能和组装以及外层动粒功能和组装。特别是,我们关注了组成型着丝粒关联网络(CCAN)结构活性关系的最新进展。CCAN结构信息为我们对着丝粒和动粒功能以及动态组装的理解提供了新的启示。It is a fundamental task to ensure the faithful transmission of genetic information across generations for eukaryote species.The centromere is a specialized chromosomal region that is essential for mediating sister chromatid alignment and separation during mitosis.Centromere identity is epigenetically determined by nucleosome-containing centromere protein A(CENP-A).The CENP-A nucleosome provides the foundation for the association of the inner kinetochore and the assembly of the outer kinetochore in mitosis.Here we review centromere identity determination,inner kinetochore function and assembly,and outer kinetochore function and assembly.In particular,we focus on the recent advances in the structure-activity relationship of the constitutive centromere-associated network(CCAN).CCAN structure information sheds new light on our understanding of centromere and kinetochore functions and dynamic organization.

关 键 词：有丝分裂 着丝粒 动粒 组成型着丝粒关联网络(CCAN) CDK1 

分 类 号：Q2[生物学—细胞生物学]