双轨并行模式中在线诉讼的同意规则  

Consent Rules for Online Litigation in Dual Track Parallel Mode

作　　者：程睿 CHENG Rui(School of Law,Huazhong University of Science and Technology,Whuhan 430074,China)

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学法学院,武汉430074

出　　处：《现代法学》2023年第5期90-111,共22页Modern Law Science

基　　金：科学技术部科技创新2030—“新一代人工智能”重大项目“可信人工智能立法制度建设研究”(2022ZD0120100)。

摘　　要：在线诉讼是司法制度与网络技术深度融合产生的新型诉讼方式。当在线诉讼与线下诉讼双轨并行时,两种诉讼方式具有同等法律效力,为当事人的程序选择权奠定了制度基础。基于多元诉讼目的,在衡量司法公正与司法效率、当事人诉权与法院审判权、程序选择权与法院审查权关系的基础上,我国的在线诉讼采用当事人主义诉讼模式,赋予当事人程序选择权。在线诉讼程序选择权是一种程序形成权,其行使需经当事人同意。当事人同意是程序选择权的载体,围绕当事人同意设置的程序和制度构成同意规则。法律在赋予当事人程序选择权时,也要求当事人遵循权利保障与自己责任相一致的逻辑。在线诉讼同意规则重构了诉权与审判权之间的法教义学关系,根据二阶构造理论,可以将当事人同意分为选择适用在线诉讼方式的同意和选择在线审理案件之具体程序的同意,两个阶段当事人同意的规则和法律效力既有联系又有区别。Online litigation is a new form of litigation that has emerged from the deep integration of the judicial system and network technology.When online litigation and offline litigation are parallel,the two litigation methods have equal legal effect,laying the institutional foundation for the litigants’procedure selection rights.Based on the diverse litigation purposes,on the basis of measuring the relationship between judicial fairness and efficiency,the litigants’litigation rights and court trial power,and the procedure selection rights and court review power,the online litigation of our country adopts the party-oriented litigation model to grant the litigants’procedure selection rights.Procedure selection rights of online litigation are procedure formation rights,which is exercised by the consent of the litigants.The consent of the litigants is the carrier of procedure selection rights and the procedures and systems set up around the consent of the litigants constitute the consent rules.When the law grants the litigants procedure selection rights,it also requires them to follow the logic of ensuring their rights and being consistent with their own responsibilities.The online litigation consent rule reconstructs the legal doctrinal relationship between the right to sue and the trial power.According to the two-stage structure theory,the consent of the litigants can be divided into the consent to choose the applicable online litigation method and the consent to choose the specific procedure for online trial of the case.The rules and legal effects of the litigants’consent in the two stages are both related and different.

关 键 词：双轨并行诉讼模式 在线诉讼 当事人主义 程序选择权 同意规则 二阶构造理论 

分 类 号：DF72[政治法律—诉讼法学]