基因工程改造巨噬细胞及其应用  

Genetic engineering of macrophages and its applications

作　　者：鲍佳明 赵晨旭 孙凌云 赵勇(指导)[1] BAO Jiaming;ZHAO Chenxu;SUN Lingyun;ZHAO Yong(State Key Laboratory of Membrane Biology,Institute of Zoology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100101,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院动物研究所膜生物学国家重点实验室,北京100101

出　　处：《中国免疫学杂志》2023年第10期2062-2070,共9页Chinese Journal of Immunology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(31930041);国家重点研发计划(2017YFA0105002)资助。

摘　　要：巨噬细胞具有高度异质性,与肿瘤、自身免疫病等多种疾病相关。因此,巨噬细胞作为这些疾病治疗的潜在靶点受到越来越多的关注。基因工程作为改造细胞的一种手段,应用十分广泛。由于巨噬细胞自身特点和限制性,导致常规基因编辑手段对巨噬细胞的高效改造仍有难度。近来经过不断尝试和改进,基因工程改造巨噬细胞的效率明显提高。本文主要介绍目前常用的几种巨噬细胞改造方法,并分析其优缺点,简要讨论目前基因工程改造巨噬细胞在疾病如肿瘤、自身免疫病诊治及抗移植物排斥等方面的应用前景。Macrophages are highly heterogeneous and related to a variety of diseases such as tumors and autoimmune diseases.Therefore,the application of macrophages as a potential target for treatment of these diseases has received more and more attention.Although genetic engineering is widely used to modify cells,it is still difficult for efficient transfection of macrophages by existing methods.Recently,through continuous attempts and improvements,the efficiency of genetically engineered macrophages has been significantly improved.We herein introduce several transfection methods which are currently used in macrophages and discussed their advantages and disadvantages.In addition,potential applications of genetically engineered macrophages in treatment of tumors,autoimmune diseases and anti-graft rejection are emphasized.

关 键 词：基因工程 巨噬细胞 转染 转导 疾病 慢病毒 腺相关病毒 脂质体 生物材料 电转染 

分 类 号：R392.12[医药卫生—免疫学]