国家高新区创新效率评价和影响因素分析——基于三阶段DEA-Tobit模型  

The Evaluation of Innovation Efficiency and an Analysis of Influencing Factors of National High-tech Zone:Based on Three-stage DEA-Tobit Model

作　　者：杨青生[1] 杨图南 沈志刚 Yang Qingsheng;Yang Tunan;Shen Zhigang(School of Cultural Tourism and Geography,Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,Guangzhou 510320,China;School of Economics,Guangdong University of Finance and Economics,Guangzhou 510320,China;School of Economic Management and Law,Jiangxi Normal University of Science and Technology,Nanchang 330038,China)

机构地区：[1]广东财经大学文化旅游与地理学院,广东广州510320 [2]广东财经大学经济学院,广东广州510320 [3]江西科技师范大学经济管理与法学院,江西南昌330038

出　　处：《创新科技》2023年第10期13-27,共15页Innovation science and technology

摘　　要：运用三阶段DEA-Tobit模型对2011—2019年我国54个国家高新区的创新效率进行评价和影响因素分析。研究发现:传统DEA模型高估了国家高新区创新效率,环境因素尤其对西部和东北高新区创新效率影响明显;创新效率不高是由较低的规模效率引起的;创新效率呈现东部>中部>东北>西部的梯状分布特征,东北、西部地区与中部、东部地区差距明显;各地区高新区创新效率均衡水平表现为中部>东部>东北>西部;影响高新区创新效率的外部环境因素中,市场开放程度、政府支持和基础设施水平对高新区创新效率具有促进作用;投入和自身环境因素均能促进创新效率提升,其中资本投入强度、高新区开放程度和高新区规模的正向影响主要来源于对规模效率的促进作用,而人力投入质量和高新区盈利能力则是通过对规模效率和纯技术效率的共同影响来实现的。In the context of China's increasingly prominent structural contradictions,innovation has become the first driving force for leading development.The national high-tech industrial development zone,as an important technological innovation,is also a powerful driving force for regional innovation and economic growth.At present,there are problems such as imbalanced regional development,intensive resource constraints,and factor flowing in my country's national high-tech zone.The level of transformation of innovation inputs needs to be further improved.Evaluating the innovation efficiency of the national high-tech zone,and discussing how to improve the innovation efficiency of the national high-tech zone is of great significance to promote the high-quality development of the high-tech zone.Based on 2011-2019,the innovation investment and innovative output data of 54 high-tech zones in China,as well as environmental variable data from various regions,use the three-stage DEA model to study the time and space differences of innovation efficiency in China's high-tech zone and innovation efficiency before and after input adjustment.Use a fixed effect TOBIT model to study the impact of the high-tech zone input factors and its own environmental factors on innovation efficiency.The results of the study show that according to the three-stage DEA model,the traditional DEA model overestimates the innovation efficiency of the national high-tech zone,and the existence of environmental factors has particularly impact on the innovation efficiency of the high-tech zone in the west and northeast China.Innovation efficiency is not caused by low scale efficiency.Innovation efficiency presents the characteristics of ladder-like distribution of"East>Middle>Northeast>West".The gap between the Northeast and West and the central and eastern regions is obvious.The level of innovation efficiency in high-tech zones in various regions is manifested as Middle>East>Northeast>West.According to the return of SFA,the level of economic development and c

关 键 词：国家高新区 创新效率 影响因素 三阶段DEA-Tobit模型 

分 类 号：F276.44[经济管理—企业管理]