基于蚁群算法的快运货物列车开行方案优化研究  

Optimal Train Makeup Plan for Express Freight Based on the Ant Colony Algorithm

作　　者：肖杰 王龙 杨文茂[1] 曹琳尉[1] XIAO Jie;WANG Long;YANG Wenmao;CAO Linwei(China Railway Eryuan Engineering Group Co.,LTD.,Chengdu 610031,China;China Railway Economic and Planning Research Institute,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司,成都610031 [2]中国铁路经济规划研究院有限公司,北京100038

出　　处：《综合运输》2023年第9期136-139,147,共5页China Transportation Review

基　　金：地铁轨行区三维实景数字化扫描及智能调坡调线关键技术研究(KSNQ213031)。

摘　　要：受经济结构和产业调整转型,我国货运结构将发生趋势性变化,大宗货物预计在2025-2035年间达到峰值后基本稳定,而高价值、小批量、多批次、强时效的“白货”需求快速增长,基于高时效、多元化、个性化的快捷货物运输将成为铁路货运新的利润增长点。分组列车作为一种提高运输效率的车流组织形式,过去长期由于运能紧张而未大规模开行。面对新形势下产业发展的新要求与新机遇,分组列车或将迎来规模化发展的新阶段。本文基于以上背景同时考虑单组列车和分组列车两种车流组织形式,以技术站调车线数量和改编能力为限制条件,车流组织总成本最小为优化目标,建立了列车开行方案优化模型,为克服非线性整数规划模型的求解难题,基于蚁群算法的原理设计了一种启发式优化方法,最后以我国东北地区局域路网为例验证了模型和算法的有效性。China freight transportation structure wil change affected by the economic structure and industry adjustment.Bulk goods are expected to reach a peak in the period of 2025-2035 and then remain stable,while the high-value,small-batch,multi-batch and time-intensive demands are growing rapidly.So the time sensitive,diversified,personalized express freight transportation will become the new profit growth point for the railway.As a form of traffic flow organization to improve transportation efficiency,multi-block train has not been operated on a large scale in the past due to the shortage of capacity of railway.Facing the new requirements and opportunities of industrial development under the new situation,multi-block train may usher in a new stage of large-scale development.This paper establishes a comprehensive optimization model which considers the single-block train and multi-block train simultaneously to take advantages of the multi-block train.Within the limits of the shunting line quantity and classification capacity,the total car-hour consumption of train accumulation and classification at technical yards is taken as the optimization objective e.A heuristic optimization method-based ant colony algorithm is proposed to tackle the nonlinear integer programming model.Computation results on a real instance from China northeast railway network are reported,which indicate that the effectiveness of the proposed optimization model and algorithm.

关 键 词：快捷货物运输 分组列车 单组列车 综合优化 蚁群算法 

分 类 号：U292.31[交通运输工程—交通运输规划与管理]