基于短波红外的海面弱小目标探测方法研究  

Research on detection method of small and weak targets on sea surface based on short wave infrared

作　　者：姜斌 陈永华[1] 姜静波[1] JIANG Bin;CHEN Yonghua;JIANG Jingbo(Institute of Oceanology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Qingdao 266071,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院海洋研究所,山东青岛266071

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2023年第4期1-5,共5页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题(2017YFC1403603);国家自然科学基金课题(41776109);科技部重点研发计划课题(2017YFC1403401,2016YFC1402602)。

摘　　要：目前海面弱小目标探测手段主要是雷达探测和红外热成像探测。雷达探测容易受海浪回波、大气噪声干扰,海面目标分辨力有限;红外热成像探测主要利用海面目标与海水温差进行探测,海面弱小目标与海水温差很小,容易受海面杂波等的影响,目标与背景对比度低。利用水在短波红外波段反射率几乎为零的特性,采用短波红外探测海面弱小目标,基于灰度阈值方法提取海面弱小目标。实验结果表明,短波红外中的海面弱小目标与海面对比度高,不易受海浪等背景的干扰,可以利用简单的灰度阈值方法探测海面弱小目标,有利于海面弱小目标的实时化探测。At present,radar detection and infrared thermal imaging detection are the main detection means for small and weak targets on the sea surface.Radar detection is easy to be interfered by sea echo and atmospheric noise,and the resolution of radar detection is limited.Infrared thermal imaging detection mainly detect the targets by the temperature difference between sea surface target and sea water.The temperature difference between small sea surface target and sea water is very small,and it is easy to be affected by sea clutter,etc.The contrast between target and background is low.Based on the characteristics that the reflectivity of water in the short wave infrared band is almost zero,the short wave infrared was used to detect the small and weak targets on the sea surface,and the gray threshold method was used to extract the small and weak targets on the sea surface.The experimental results show that there was a high contrast between the dim target and the sea surface in the short wave infrared image and the short wave infrared detection was not to be interfered by the sea wave and other background.A simple gray threshold method could be used to detect the sea surface dim target,which was conducive to the real-time detection of the sea surface dim target.

关 键 词：短波红外 海面弱小目标 阈值分割 红外热成像 雷达探测 

分 类 号：TN914-34[电子电信—通信与信息系统] P715.2[电子电信—信息与通信工程]