拟穴青蟹对急性低盐胁迫的神经内分泌-免疫响应  

Neuroendocrine-immune response of Scylla Paramamosain to acute low salinity stress

作　　者：张岩 吴翔宇 陈钦胜 唐贤明 赵群 李二超 ZHANG Yan;WU Xiangyu;CHEN Qinsheng;TANG Xianming;ZHAO Qun;LI Erchao(College of Marine Sciences,Hainan University,Haikou 570228,China;Hainan Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Maricultural Technology,Hainan Academy of Ocean and Fisheries Sciences,Haikou 571126,China)

机构地区：[1]海南大学海洋学院,海南海口570228 [2]海南省热带海水养殖技术重点实验室,海南省海洋与渔业科学院,海南海口571126

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2023年第4期63-72,共10页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金青年基金项目(318QN190);海南大学科研启动基金项目(KYQD(ZR)1725)。

摘　　要：本文以拟穴青蟹(Scyllaparamamosain)原生盐度15为对照,以低盐度5为处理,在实验周期192h内,初步研究了急性低盐胁迫对甲壳动物神经内分泌-免疫调控机制的影响。结果发现:低盐处理组中的促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素和促肾上腺皮质激素浓度在12h内显著升高(P<0.05);多巴胺、去甲肾上腺素及5-羟色胺浓度在0~48h内呈峰值的变化,在12h达到最大值(P<0.05),在48h后基本恢复至对照组水平。低盐胁迫下,青蟹血细胞数量在实验时间内呈峰值变化,至12h达到最小值并保持稳定,与对照组呈显著差异(P<0.05);血细胞酚氧化酶原激活因子和酚氧化酶原基因表达及其活性均在0~48h内呈峰值变化,12h至最小值(P<0.05);酚氧化酶活性在12h内显著升高(P<0.05);随后以上指标均在48h基本恢复至对照组水平;吞噬率在12h内显著下降(P<0.05),48h后恢复至对照组水平;类甲壳肽基因表达量及抗菌活性均在0~96h内呈峰值变化,至12h达到最小值(P<0.05),96h恢复至对照组水平;C-型凝集素基因表达量和凝集活性在12h内显著下降(P<0.05),48h时逐渐恢复至对照组水平。结果提示,低盐胁迫下,拟穴青蟹通过激素、生物胺等神经内分泌因子调控机体免疫响应,造成短时间内的免疫抑制,调控路径为CRH➝ACTH➝生物胺➝血细胞免疫响应。The effect of acute low salinity stress on the neuroendocrine-immune regulation of crustaceans Scylla paramamosain was determined when S.paramamosain was treated salinity 15(control)and 5(treatment),respectively,for 192 h.Low salinity significantly affected the hormone content,biogenic amine content and immune defense index of hemolymph of S.paramamosain within 48 h(p<0.05).The concentrations of corticotropin releasing-hormone(CRH)and adreno-cortico-tropic-hormone(ACTH)significantly increased within 12 h at low salinity(p<0.05),then recovered to the control level in 48 h and remained stable.Dopamine(DA)and norepinephrine(NE)maximized at 12 h(p<O.05),recovered to the control level in 48 h,and then remained stable.The content of 5-hydroxytryptamine(5-HT)significantly increased within 12 h(p<0.05),recovered to the control level in 48 h and remained stable then.Under low salinity stress,the total hemocyte count of S.paramamosain minimized at 12 h and then remained stable,which was significantly different from that of control group(p<0.05).The phagocytosis rate significantly decreased within 12 h(p<0.05),and recovered to the level of control group 48 h later.Crustin-like gene expression in hemocytes and antimicrobial activity in plasma minimized at 12 h(p<0.05),returned to the level of control group at 96 h,and then remained stable.The expression of c-type lectin gene in hemocytes and agglutination activity in plasma significantly decreased after 12 h(p<0.05),gradually recovered to the level of control group at 48 h,and then remained stable.The expression of PPAF and proPO genes and the activity of proPO in hemocytes minimized at 12 h(p<0.05),and gradually recovered to the level of control group at 48 h.The activity of PO increased significantly within 12 h(p<0.05),and then recovered to the level of control group at 48 h.Our findings indicated that S.paramamosain regulates its immune response through neuroendocrine factors like hormones and biogenic amines under low salinity stress,resulting in a short period of immun

关 键 词：拟穴青蟹 急性低盐胁迫 激素 生物胺 免疫调控机制 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]