基于指示细菌动态分布评价辽河口水质污染状况  

Evaluation of Liaohe Estuary water pollution status based on dynamic distribution of bacterial indicators

作　　者：黄慧玲 明红霞[1] 李梦飞 戴媛媛 苏洁[1] 石婷婷 金媛 王斌 樊景凤[1] HUANG Huiling;MING Hongxia;LI Mengfei;DAI Yuanyuan;SU Jie;SHI Tingting;JIN Yuan;WANG Bin;FAN Jingfeng(National Marine Environmental Monitoring Center,State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Coastal Ecosystem,Dalian 116023,China;Dalian Ocean University,Dalian 116023,China;Fisheries Research Institute of Tianjin,Tianjin 300221,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋环境监测中心国家生态环境保护近岸海域生态环境重点实验室,辽宁大连116023 [2]大连海洋大学水产与生命学院,辽宁大连116023 [3]天津市水产研究所,天津300221

出　　处：《海洋湖沼通报》2023年第4期128-136,共9页Transactions of Oceanology and Limnology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划“海洋环境安全保障”重点专项资金项目(2017YFC1404500);辽宁省兴辽英才计划青年拔尖人才计划项目(XLYC1807186);辽宁“百千万人才工程”项目(MATHAB201702)。

摘　　要：本研究通过对辽河口的水质卫生安全进行评价,以期更好地了解辽河口表层水体中肠球菌、弧菌和异养细菌的动态分布情况及其与主要环境因子之间的相关性,减少人体健康风险,提供水质管理对策建议。于2018年6月、9月对辽河口表层海水中肠球菌、弧菌和异养细菌进行监测,同时监测海水中主要环境因子及化学要素。结果表明:从时间分布上来看,2018年6月辽河口海水中肠球菌最高值为4.0×10^(1)CFU·L^(-1),最低值小于最低检测限,9月海水中肠球菌的丰度范围为1.0×10^(1)~1.5×10^(3)CFU·L^(-1);2018年6月弧菌数量最高值为3.4×10^(6)CFU·L^(-1),最低值低于检测限,9月弧菌数量最高值达3.7×10^(7)CFU·L^(-1),最低值低于检测限;2018年6月辽河口海水中异养细菌的丰度范围为6.93×10^(6)~8.78×10^(7)CFU·L^(-1),9月异养细菌的丰度范围为5.67×10^(6)~6.54×10^(8)CFU·L^(-1)。三项指标的数量分布整体呈现9月高于6月的趋势。从空间分布上来看,近岸海水中指示细菌的丰度高于远海,且整体变化趋势相同。三项细菌学指标与DO、磷酸盐、硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐等4项环境因子均具有显著相关性,本研究分别从粪便污染、有机物污染、病原菌污染的角度体现辽河口的海水污染情况,在环境因子和水化学指标相关性分析的基础上,采用多元逐步回归分析构建了细菌学指标与环境因子的相关回归方程,拟通过调控相关营养盐的含量来控制病原菌的浓度,从而实现疾病防控和预警。It is extremely important to reduce human health risk and improve the water quality manage-ment of Liaohe River Estuary.In order to evaluate of the water quality and safety of Liaohe Estuary,we appropriatelky deseribed the dynamie distributions of Enterococcus,Vibrio and other heterotrophic bacteria in the surface water of Liaohe River Estuary in this study,and determined their correlations with major environmental factors.In Jun.and Sept.,2018,Enterococcus,Vibrio and heterotrophiebacteria in the surface seawater of Liaohe Estuary were monitored,and the main environmental and chemical elements in the seawater were assayed.In Jun..2018,the lowest value of Enterococcus in Li-aohe Estuary was not detectable while the highest was 4.0×10^(1)CFU.L^(-1).In Sept.,2018,the num-ber of Enterococcus varied between 1.0×10^(1)CFU Land 1.5×10^(3)CFU L^(-1).In Jun.,2018,the highest value of Vibrio was 3.4×10 CFU L-1,their lowest value was not detectable while their highest in Sept,reached 3.7×10^(7)CFU L^(-1).The lowest value was not detectable in Jun.,2018,and the number of heterotrophic bacteria in Liaohe estuary varied between 6.93×10^(6)and 8.78×107 CFU L^(-1).In Sept.,the number of heterotrophic bacteria varied between 5.67×10^(6)and 6.54×10^(8)CFU L^(-1),The quantity distribution of the three indicators showed a generally higher number in Sept.than in Jun.The number of indicating bacteria is higher in inshore waters than in distant waters.The three indicators significantly correlated with the four environmental factors including DO,phosphate,nitrate and nitrite contents.Our findings reflected the seawater pollution in Liaohe Estuary from the perspec-tives of fecal and organic pollutions.Multiple stepwise regression analysis was used to construct a cor-relation regression equation,As was planned,the concentration of pathogenic bacteria may be con-trolled by regulating the amount of relevant nutrients.

关 键 词：辽河口 肠球菌 弧菌 异养细菌 多元逐步回归分析 

分 类 号：Q938.2[生物学—微生物学]