贫困山区民众生态知识科普需求调查研究  

Investigation and Research on the Demand for Ecological Knowledge Popularization among People in Poor Mountainous Areas

作　　者：王伟锋 朱子丞 杨小波[2] 戚春林 李东海[2] 田璐嘉 Wang Weifeng;Zhu Zicheng;Yang Xiaobo;Qi Chunlin;Li Donghai;Tian Lujia(Yinggeling Sub-bureau of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park,Baisha Hainan 572800;College of Ecology and Environment,Hainan University,Haikou Hainan 570100)

机构地区：[1]海南热带雨林国家公园鹦哥岭分局,海南白沙572800 [2]海南大学生态与环境学院,海南海口570100

出　　处：《热带林业》2023年第3期70-77,共8页Tropical Forestry

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32260267);海南省科学技术协会“海南省热带雨林国家公园科普需求”专题调研。

摘　　要：国家公园内的居民作为当地经济、教育及文化发展的主力军及受益者,对新农村建设、乡村振兴的推进和自然资源的保护以及国家公园的建设起着至关重要的作用。为了解当地居民对海南热带雨林国家公园的知情情况及其对相关生态知识科普的需求,从而为国家公园在林业管理、科普活动方面政策的制定及实施提供依据和参考。该研究采用问卷、走访及座谈的方式开展实地调研。研究结果表明:被调查群体中初中及以下学历占比达到86.04%,基础教育水平比全国教育落后地区的平均水平(81.93%)还要低;国家公园宣传力度不足,宣传效果不佳;当地居民在生态科普需求上存在较大的差异,对自然环境知识、种养技术知识的关注度较高,对科学文化知识学习和民族民俗文化传承意识较为淡薄。当地政府应重视基础教育,加强通识教育,提高民众文化水平;应加大国家公园建设内容和政策法规的宣传力度;应开展更多种植技术培训、职业技能培训和加强科学文化、特色民俗文化的宣传教育。As the main force and beneficiary of local economic,educational and cultural development,the local residents of the national park play a vital role in the construction of new countryside,the promotion of rural re-vitalization,the protection of natural resources and construction of national park.In order to understand the lo-cal residents'knowledge of Hainan Tropical Rainforest National Park and their needs for ecological knowledge science popularization,so as to provide a basis and reference for the formulation and implementation of national park policies in terms of forestry management and science popularization activities,this study uses question-naires,visits and talks to conduct field research.The results of the study show that:86.04%of the surveyed group have junior high school education or below,and the basic education level is lower than the average level(81.93%)in the educational backward areas of the country;the publicity of national parks is insufficient and in-effective;there are large differences in the needs of local residents for ecological science popularization,and they pay more attention to the knowledge of natural environment and breeding technology,but have less awareness of scientific and cultural knowledge and national cultural heritage.The awareness of learning and national culture inheritance is relatively weak.The local government should pay attention to basic education,strengthen general education,and improve people's cultural level;it should increase the publicity of national park construction contents and policies and regulations;it should carry out more planting technical and vocational skills training and strengthen the publicity and education of science and culture and characteristic folk culture.While strengthening technical training,cultivate the awareness of ecological development of local residents,cultivate their awareness of inheritance while carrying out national folk culture education,and achieve three win-win re-sults of economic,social and ecological benefits.

关 键 词：海南热带雨林国家公园 知情情况 生态知识科普需求 建议与对策 

分 类 号：G465[文化科学—教育学]