香蕉皮粉末对黑腹果蝇的引诱活性及挥发物化学成分分析  

Attractant activity of banana peel powder to Drosophila melanogaster and analysis of its chemical components of volatiles

作　　者：余帅 黄俊[2] 应俊杰 张娟 毛雪琴[2] 张治军[2] 吕要斌[2] 李䶮 YU Shuai;HUANG Jun;YING Junjie;ZHANG Juan;MAO Xueqin;ZHANG Zhijun;LYU Yaobin;LI Yan(State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants,Guizhou Medical University,Guiyang 550014,China;State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-products,Key Laboratory of Biotechnology in Plant Protection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of China and Zhejiang Province,Institute of Plant Protection and Microbiology,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 310021,China;Bureau of Agriculture and Rural Affairs of Xianju,Xianju 317300,Zhejiang,China;Institute of Garden Plants and Flowers,Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Hangzhou 311122,China)

机构地区：[1]贵州医科大学省部共建药用植物功效与利用国家重点实验室,贵州贵阳550014 [2]省部共建农产品质量安全危害因子与风险防控国家重点实验室,农业农村部和浙江省植保生物技术重点实验室,浙江省农业科学院植物保护与微生物研究所,浙江杭州310021 [3]仙居县农业农村局,浙江仙居317300 [4]浙江省园林植物与花卉研究所,浙江杭州311122

出　　处：《浙江农业学报》2023年第10期2415-2424,共10页Acta Agriculturae Zhejiangensis

基　　金：浙江省重点研发计划(2020C02001)。

摘　　要：黑腹果蝇(Drosophila melanogaster)是危害杨梅的主要果蝇种类,而通过引诱剂监测并诱杀该害虫是一项绿色且环保的害虫控制技术。本文利用固相微萃取技术(SPME)连续5 d分别收集成熟香蕉皮粉末逐日发酵的化学物质,并采用气相色谱质谱(GC-MS)分析其化学成分;进一步通过室内行为选择测试和室外果蝇种群动态监测探讨香蕉皮粉末对黑腹果蝇的引诱效果。结果表明,第1天和第2天香蕉皮粉末中芳香成分均以3-甲基丁酸丁酯为主要成分,含量分别达到56.79%和40.25%,并与第3、4、5天化学成分以及含量均存在明显差异。而分别发酵1、3、5天的香蕉皮粉末对黑腹果蝇的行为选择表明,第1天的香蕉皮粉末引诱活性最高,对雌、雄虫的引诱率分别达到62.50%、60.00%,而第3天和第5天的香蕉皮粉末无引诱活性。而野外动态监测进一步表明,香蕉皮粉末中存在引诱果蝇的芳香成分。此外,室内行为选择也表明了3-甲基丁酸丁酯较好的引诱活性,当质量浓度为1000μg·mL^(-1)时,对雌、雄成虫的引诱率分别高达71.25%、66.25%。因此,推测香蕉皮粉末中的3-甲基丁酸丁酯为主要的引诱活性物质,在开发黑腹果蝇引诱剂方面具有潜在用途。Drosophila melanogaster is the main species of fruit fly that damages red bayberry,and it is a green and environmentally friendly pest control technology to monitor and control this insect pest with attractants.Here,headspace solid-phase microextraction(HS-SPME)was used to collect chemical substances fermented daily for five consecutive days in ripe banana peel powder,and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)was used to analyze the chemical components.The attraction effect of banana peel powder on D.melanogaster was further investigated by indoor behavior selection test and outdoor population dynamics monitoring.The results showed that the aromatic components in the banana peel powder on the 1st and 2nd days were mainly composed of butyl isovalerate,and the content respectively reached 56.79%and 40.25%.At the same time,there were significant differences in chemical composition and content on the 1st,2nd and 3rd,4th and 5th days.The behavioral selection of the banana peel powder fermented for 1,3,and 5 days on D.melanogaster showed that the banana peel powder on the first day had the highest attracting activity,and the attracting rates for female and male insects reached 62.50%and 60.00%,respectively.However,the banana peel powders on the 3rd and 5th days had no attracting activity.Field dynamic monitoring further showed that there were aromatic components in banana peel powder that attract D.melanogaster.In addition,the indoor behavior selection also showed that butyl isovalerate had a good attractant activity when the mass concentration was 1000μg·mL^(-1),the attraction rates of female and male adults were as high as 71.25%and 66.25%,respectively.Therefore,we speculate that butyl isovalerate in banana peel powder is the main attractant active substance,which has potential use in the development of attractants for D.melanogaster.

关 键 词：香蕉皮粉末 挥发性化合物 行为选择 动态监测 黑腹果蝇 

分 类 号：S436.6[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]