微小孔电火花–钻削无变质层复合加工技术研究  

Research on EDM–Drilling Combined Machining Technology of Micro-Hole Without Metamorphic Layer

作　　者：罗学科 李若冰 刘建勇 李殿新 杨晓宇[1] 寇鹏远 刘家豪 叶志杰 LUO Xueke;LI Ruobing;LIU Jianyong;LI Dianxin;YANG Xiaoyu;KOU Pengyuan;LIU Jiahao;YE Zhijie(Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology,Beijing 102617,China)

机构地区：[1]北京石油化工学院,北京102617

出　　处：《航空制造技术》2023年第19期41-47,共7页Aeronautical Manufacturing Technology

基　　金：北京石油化工学院交叉科研探索项目(BIPTCSF–017);北京市属高校分类发展项目(11000023T000002199202)。

摘　　要：为实现航空涡轮叶片气膜孔的无变质层加工需求,研制了电火花–钻削复合加工系统。基于复合加工需求,优化设计了数控系统架构,以实现电火花加工主轴和钻削主轴的双轴协同控制,进而确保电火花加工与钻削加工的互不干涉;同时实现电主轴转速自动控制和进给轴速适配性调节。基于复合加工系统,开发了无变质层的微小孔复合加工工艺技术。加工过程中,首先由电火花加工主轴完成微小孔加工,然后通过钻削刀具将电火花加工完成的小孔进行扩孔加工,以完全去除微小孔孔壁变质层。基于该工艺技术,开展了直孔和20°斜孔复合系列加工试验。在微小孔直孔复合加工中,公差范围为(0.315±0.003)mm。试验结果表明,电火花–钻削复合加工具有加工效率高、孔壁无变质层、孔型精度高等优点。To realize the demand of processing the air film hole of aviation turbine blade without metamorphic layer,the EDM–drilling combined machining system was developed.According to the demand of the system mentioned above,to work and control in coordination with two axes,system architecture needed to be designed and optimized,which ensures that EDM and drilling operate independently of each other.Meanwhile,the system can realize automatic control of motor spindle speed and the stepless adjustment of feed rate.Based on the combined machining system,a processing technology of micro-hole composite without metamorphic layer was developed.During the processing,firstly,a micro-hole was processed by EDM.In order to removal the metamorphic layer on the hole wall completely,where the hole needed reaming with drilling tool.The basis of the technology mentioned above,a series of compound processing experiments of straight hole and 20°inclined hole were carried out.The tolerance range is(0.315±0.003)mm.The experimental results show that the EDM–drilling composite machining has the advantages of high machining efficiency,high hole shape accuracy and no metamorphic layer on the hole wall.

关 键 词：复合加工 无变质层加工 气膜孔 电火花加工(EDM) 钻削 

分 类 号：V261[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航制造工程]