论教师权利的概念及其功能  

A Study of the Concept and Function of Teachers'Rights

作　　者：孟凡壮 李涛 MENG Fanzhuang;LI Tao(School of Law,East China Normal University,Shanghai,200241,China;Tancheng People's Procuratorate,Linyi,276100,China)

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学法学院,上海200241 [2]山东省临沂市郯城县人民检察院,临沂276100

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2023年第9期106-114,共9页Global Education

基　　金：2020年度“上海市教育法学人才培养计划”课题“教师职权的定位与保障研究——以教师法修改为中心”(项目编号:2020JYFXR038)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：教师权利是法律为了保护教师的财产、人格等利益而赋予其基于自己的意志为一定行为或不为一定行为的法律资格。教师权利的核心功能在于其请求权功能。当前《教师法》建构的规范体系注重对教师权利的宏观制度保障,对教师工资待遇给付请求权、平等获得教师资格请求权、程序参与请求权和救济型请求权等请求权的保障存在明显不足。《中华人民共和国教师法(修订草案)(征求意见稿)》通过补充教师权利类型强化了教师请求权的保障,但仍有完善空间。展望未来,立法机关应以修法为契机,通过《教师法》明确公民平等获得教师资格的请求权,强化教师工资待遇给付请求权的保障体系,确立正当程序原则,同时加强教师救济型请求权的保障,以夯实教师请求权体系的规范基础。Teachers'rights are legal qualifications granted to teachers to engage or not in certain behaviors based on their free will in order to protect their property,personality and other interests.The core of teachers'rights lies in its claim function.At present,the right protection system constructed by Teachers Law emphasizes the system protection of teachers'rights,but neglects the protection of teachers'right of claim for salary,equal right of claim for teacher qualification,right of claim for participation in procedure and right of claim for relief.Teachers Law of the People's Republic of China(Revised Draft)strengthens the protection of teachers'right of claim by supplementing the types of teachers'rights,but there is still room for improvement.Looking into the future,in order to reinforce teachers'right of claim,the legislature should establish a normative foundation for protection of teachers'equal right to apply for teacher qualifications,strengthen the normative foundation for teacher pay claim,clearly stipulate the principle of due process and reinforce the protection of the right remedy at the same time.

关 键 词：教师权利 《教师法》 请求权 

分 类 号：D922.16[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]