关于跨学科科学研究的国际经验及启示  

International Experience and Enlightenment of Interdisciplinary Scientific Research

作　　者：刘德娟 沈力[1] LIU Dejuan;SHEN Li(Information Management Center,Shanghai Institute of Optics and Fine Mechanics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Shanghai 201800,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所信息管理中心,上海201800

出　　处：《世界科技研究与发展》2023年第5期596-605,共10页World Sci-Tech R&D

基　　金：中国科学院文献情报领域引进优秀人才计划择优支持项目(科发规函字[2020]17号)。

摘　　要：营造跨学科研究的学术氛围有利于产出重大突破、解决重大理论和现实问题、揭示新规律开辟新领域。本文从科学管理学视角对欧美日国家在推进跨学科研究、创新国家实验室/研究所和研究型大学体制机制的方式方法进行剖析。结果表明:通过科研组织模式创新打破学科壁垒、创建联合聘任制度、革新聘任评价方式和提供专项基金是其重要举措。最后,针对我国跨学科研究建设提出如下建议:探索跨学科的组织形式,创设跨学科人员紧密交流的平台及氛围,建立客观的评价机制和适当的奖励措施,以及提供启动基金并长期资助有前景高风险研究等。Cultivating an academic atmosphere favoring interdisciplinary research is conducive to producing scientific breakthroughs,solving significant theoretical and practical challenges,discovering new theories and opening up new fields.From the scientific management perspective,this paper analyzes the policies and measures of research institutions and universities in Europe,the United States and Japan in promoting interdisciplinary research.The results show that it is important to break the disciplinary barriers,establish a joint appointment system,innovate the appointment evaluation method and provide special funds through the innovation of scientific research organization model.The inspiration for the construction of interdisciplinary research is as follows:explore interdisciplinary organizational forms,create a platform for close communication between interdisciplinary personnel,establish an objective evaluation mechanism and appropriate incentives,provide start-up funds and long-term funding for promising high-risk research.

关 键 词：跨学科研究 交叉学科 国际经验 

分 类 号：G321[文化科学]