颅外静脉系统异常与中枢神经系统疾病  

The role of extracranial venous abnormalities in neurological disease

作　　者：柳莉 贾园园[1] 刘继双(综述) 王丽娟 林警[1] 刘影(审校) LIU Li;JIA Yuanyuan;LIU Jishuang(Department of Neurology and Neuroscience Center,The First Hospital of Jilin University,Changchun 130021,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林大学第一医院神经内科和神经科学中心,吉林长春130021 [2]长春市人民医院,吉林长春130051

出　　处：《中风与神经疾病杂志》2023年第10期867-870,共4页Journal of Apoplexy and Nervous Diseases

基　　金：吉林省自然科学基金项目(YDZJ202201ZYTS139);吉林省优秀青年科技人才项目(20230508100RC)。

摘　　要：与动脉相比,颅外静脉系统具有复杂性、个体变异性和不对称性的特点,易受呼吸、体位改变、心功能及周围结构的影响。颅外静脉的发育异常或变异被认为可能是非病理性的,并未引起重视。然而,越来越多的证据表明,脑静脉功能不全在各种中枢神经系统疾病中确实具有重要的病理生理后果。几种中枢神经系统疾病与颈静脉反流的存在和严重程度有关。慢性脑脊髓静脉功能不全(CCSVI)是另一种基于复合超声标准的血管疾病,激发了人们对静脉回流生理学及病理学方面的兴趣。这些疾病与中枢神经系统疾病的关系尚未确定,需要进一步研究。本文章的目的是综合目前的概念和最新的发现,阐述颅外静脉系统结构特征、生理功能及颈部静脉在中枢神经系统疾病中的潜在作用。Compared with arteries,the extracranial venous system is characterized by complexity,individual vari⁃ability and frequent asymmetry,and moreover,it is easily affected by other factors such as respiration,postural change,cardiac function,and surrounding structures.In the past,abnormal development or variation of the extracranial venous system was considered non-pathological and has not been taken seriously;however,an increasing number of evidence has shown that extracranial venous insufficiency does have important pathophysiological consequences in various central ner⁃vous system disorders.Several central nervous system disorders are associated with the presence and severity of jugular ve⁃nous reflux.Chronic cerebrospinal venous insufficiency,as a vascular disease based on comprehensive ultrasound crite⁃ria,has aroused the interest in the physiology and pathology of venous reflux.The association between such diseases and central nervous system disorders remains unknown and requires further research.By summarizing current concepts and the latest research findings,this article elaborates on the structural features and physiological function of the extracranial ve⁃nous system,as well as the potential role of cervical veins in central nervous system disorders.

关 键 词：颈内静脉 颈静脉反流 慢性脑脊髓静脉功能不全 中枢神经系统疾病 

分 类 号：R743[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R445.1[医药卫生—临床医学]