糖蜜发酵废液制备小分子有机碳液体肥的工艺与应用  

Process and Application of Preparing Small Molecule Organic Carbon Liquid Fertilizer from Molasses Fermentation Wastewater

作　　者：张敏 陈任翔 ZHANG Min;CHEN Renxiang(Shenzhen Batian Ecological Engineering Co.,Ltd.,Shenzhen,Guangdong 518000,China;Zhongkai University of Agriculture and Engineering,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510220,China)

机构地区：[1]深圳市芭田生态工程股份有限公司,广东深圳518000 [2]仲恺农业工程学院,广东广州510220

出　　处：《肥料与健康》2023年第5期34-39,共6页Fertilizer & Health

基　　金：广东省现代农业产业技术体系创新团队项目(2019KJ140)。

摘　　要：糖蜜发酵废液中含有丰富的有机质,具备资源化利用的潜力。先采用壳聚糖与聚合氯化铝复合絮凝剂絮凝处理糖蜜发酵废液,再利用酸化剂和氧化剂将絮体氧化降解成小分子有机碳液体肥,并将制得的有机碳液体肥用作追肥,观测茼蒿的生长情况。结果表明:糖蜜发酵废液的优化絮凝条件为聚合氯化铝复合絮凝剂与壳聚糖质量比为2.0∶1.0、复合絮凝剂投加体积分数为3%、絮凝时间为60 min、溶液pH为6,化学需氧量(COD)的去除率在90%以上;小分子有机碳液体肥的优化制备条件为浓盐酸与浓硝酸体积比为1∶2、反应时间为100 min、反应温度为70℃;茼蒿地上部鲜质量、株高和叶片叶绿素相对含量(SPAD值)随有机碳粒径的降低而升高,即有机碳粒径越小,茼蒿对有机碳液体肥的吸收效果越好。Molasses fermentation wastewater contains abundant organic matter and has the potential for resource utilization.Firstly,chitosan and polyaluminum chloride composite flocculants are used to flocculate the molasses fermentation wastewater,and then acidifiers and oxidants are used to oxidize and degrade the flocs into small molecule organic carbon liquid fertilizer.The obtained organic carbon liquid fertilizer is used as topdressing to observe the growth of Glebionis coronaria.The results show that the optimized flocculation condition of molasses fermentation wastewater is 2.0∶1.0 for the mass ratio of polyaluminum chloride to chitosan,3%for the volume fraction of composite flocculant,60 min for the flocculation time,and pH 6 for the solution,and the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand(COD)is over 90%.The optimized conditions for the preparation of small molecule organic carbon liquid fertilizer are 1∶2 for the volume ratio of concentrated hydrochloric acid to concentrated nitric acid,100 min for the reaction time,and 70℃for the reaction temperature.The fresh weight of aboveground part of Glebionis coronaria,the plant height and the chlorophyll relative content(SPAD value)of leaves increased with the decrease of the size of the organic carbon.The smaller the size of the organic carbon,the better Glebionis coronaria absorbed organic carbon liquid fertilizer.

关 键 词：糖蜜 发酵废液 有机碳 液体肥料 絮凝处理 氧化降解 

分 类 号：S141.8[农业科学—肥料学]