文县低效茶园改造中树体改造与肥培管理关键技术研究  

The Key Technologies of Tree Transformation and Fertilization Management in the Transformation of Low Efficiency Tea Plantations in Wenxian County

作　　者：武亚男 郭星 赵栋 谢飞 闫倩倩 WU Yanan;CUO Xing;ZHAO Dong;XIE Fei;YAN Qianqian(Institute of Forestry Sciences Bailongjiang Forestry of Gansu Province,Lanzhou 730030,China;Gansu Bailongjiang National Forest Ecosystem Research Station,Ganan Gansu 747000,China)

机构地区：[1]甘肃省白龙江林业科学研究所,甘肃兰州730030 [2]甘肃白龙江森林生态系统国家定位观测研究站,甘肃甘南747000

出　　处：《甘肃林业科技》2023年第3期28-31,共4页Journal of Gansu Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：甘肃省林业和草原科技计划项目(2020kj042)资助。

摘　　要：针对甘肃陇南文县低产低效茶园的茶树树势衰老、茶园土壤肥力下降的共性特点,以“龙井长叶”30年左右茶园为试验材料,开展了不同树体改造、不同配方肥培管理效果对比试验。研究结果表明:采用重修剪、台刈的方法改造茶园,在达丰产期后,百芽重、产量均显著高于其它两种处理,能较好的恢复低产茶园树势;施肥可增加茶树芽密度,提高百芽重,茶鲜叶产量与不施肥相比最高可增加400kg/hm^(2)左右。因此,修剪和施肥对低效茶园提质增效有效,可在文县推广应用。In response to the common characteristics of tea tree senescence and soil fertility decline in low yield and low efficiency tea gardens in Wenxian County of Longnan,Gansu,a comparative experiment was conducted on the effects of different tree body transformations and different fertilizer treatments on the"Longjing Long Leaf"tea garden for about 30 years.The research results show that the methods of heavy pruning and collar pruning was adopted to transform the tea garden,the weight of 100 buds and yield are significantly higher than the other two treatments when reaching the high-yield period after reconstruction,which can effectively restore the tree vigor of low yield tea gardens;Fertilization can increase the bud density and bud weight of tea tree,and the yield of fresh tea leaves can be increased by about 400 kg/hm^(2)compared with no fertilization.Therefore,pruning and fertilization are effective in improving the quality and efficiency of low-efficiency tea gardens,and can be applied in Wenxian County.

关 键 词：低效茶园 树体改造 肥培管理 陇南文县 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]