茶鹃木木材解剖学、生理特性及挥发性成分研究  

Wood Anatomy,Physiological Properties and Volatile Constituents of Humbertia madagascariensis Lam.

作　　者：王露露 刘欣怡 王雅丽 唐文[1,2] 洪少友 王军 WANG Lulu;LIU Xinyi;WANG Yali;TANG Wen;HONG Shaoyou;WANG Jun(Hainan Key Laboratory for Research and Development of Natural Products from Li Folk Medicine/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Resources of Tropical Crops,Ministry of Agricultural and Rural Affairs/Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology,Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Hainan Institute for Tropical Agricultural Resources,Haikou,Hainan 571101,China;Products Quality Supervision and Testing Institute of Hainan Province,Haikou,Hainan 570003,China)

机构地区：[1]海南省黎药资源天然产物研究与利用重点实验室/农业农村部热带作物生物学与遗传资源利用重点实验室/中国热带农业科学院热带生物技术研究所,海南海口571101 [2]海南热带农业资源研究院,海南海口571101 [3]海南省产品质量监督检验所,海南海口570003

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2023年第10期2102-2109,共8页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

基　　金：海南省自然科学基金高层次人才项目(No.322RC768)。

摘　　要：本研究分别采用GB/T 1933—2009《木材基本密度测定方法》、GB/T 6043—2009《木材pH的测定》、蒽酮比色法、考马斯亮蓝法、木材解剖学方法和气相色谱-质谱(GC-MS)法测定了马达加斯加特有种茶鹃木(Humbertia madagascariensis Lam.)的木材(又称“药香黄檀”)的基本密度、pH、淀粉含量、可溶性蛋白含量、解剖结构及挥发性成分,为茶鹃木木材识别、植物保育及加工利用等研究提供依据。研究表明:茶鹃木木材的基本密度为1.684 g/cm^(3),水试发现其沉水。茶鹃木木材的pH为6.78,淀粉含量为10.953 mg/g,可溶性蛋白含量为0.271 mg/g。茶鹃木木材的宏观构造:黄褐色,木材有光泽;有“柑橘檀香”味,散孔材,管孔较大;管孔内、边缘含有白色至金黄色侵填体,弦切面上特别明显;横切面上射线清晰,均匀细密;径切面上射线斑纹明显,分布密集;弦切面上呈细线状,波痕略可见。微观构造:管孔为椭圆形、圆形,数目为3~5个/mm^(2);单管孔,分散,管孔内、边缘含有金黄色树胶;木射线非叠生,同形,单列,7~9根/mm;射线细胞较大,多数为椭圆形、长圆形,通常不含有树胶;横卧射线方形细胞3~7层;三切面上导管外侧及纤维组织中椭圆状晶体明显,数量众多,纵向排列规则。GC-MS分析表明:其主要成分为脂肪酸类(88.81%),其次为脂类(8.12%)和萜烯类(0.94%),其中含量最高的化合物为棕榈酸(47.32%),其次为硬脂酸(38.79%),另外,还含有少量的不饱和脂肪酸,如亚油酸(0.23%)和油酸(0.61%),推测茶鹃木木材的“柑橘檀香”味可能与此挥发性成分有关。This paper reported the density,pH value,starch content,soluble protein content,anatomical structure and volatile components of the wood of Humbertia madagascariensis Lam.(HM),which is an endemic species in Mada-gascar.Methods for determination of wood density(GB/T 1933—2009),determination of wood pH(GB/T 6043—2009),anthrone colorimetric method,coomassie brilliant blue method,wood anatomy method and gas chromatography mass spectrometry(GC-MS)were used to determine the above contents.The results would provide a basis for the research on the wood identification,plant conservation,processing and utilization.The wood basic density of HM was 1.684 g/cm^(3),and it sank in water test.The wood pH value,starch content and soluble protein content of HM was 6.78,10.953 mg/g and 0.271 mg/g respectively.The macroscopic structure of HM wood was yellowish-brown,glossy,with the smell of“citrus and sandalwood”,diffuse-porous wood with large pore,with white to golden yellow tyloses inside and at the edge especially obvious on the tangential section,wood ray with clear,uniform and fine on the cross section,stripes obviously and densely distributed on the radial section,threadlike,ripple marks slightly visible on the tangential section.The microscopic structure of HM wood was elliptic or round pores,with 3‒5 pores per square millimeter,dispersed and solitary vessels containing golden gum inside and at the edges of the pores,non overlapping and homogeneous uniseri-ate wood rays,with 7‒9 wood rays per millimeter,large,mostly elliptic or oblong wood ray cells usually without gum,square cell ray recumbent with 3‒7 layers,obvious numerous and regular longitudinal arrangement elliptic crystalson the outside of vessels and in the fibrous tissue on the three sections.GC-MS analysis indicated that the main components were fatty acids(88.81%),followed by lipids(8.12%)and terpenes(0.94%).The highest content of the compound was n-hexadecanoic acid(47.32%),followed by octadecanoic acid(38.79%).It also contained a small amount of un

关 键 词：茶鹃木 木材 基本密度 生理指标 解剖学特征 挥发性成分 

分 类 号：S781.1[农业科学—木材科学与技术]