恩施下二叠统梁山组高岭土工艺矿物学与加工性能研究  

Process Mineralogy Investigations and Processabilities of Kaolinite in Lower Permian Liangshan Formation of Enshi

作　　者：朱小燕 邹本利 李傲竹 刘意 周凤 王洪权 严春杰 蔡礼光 蔡传震 ZHU Xiaoyan;ZOU Benli;LI Aozhu;LIU Yi;ZHOU Feng;WANG Hongquan;YAN Chunjie;CAI Liguang;CAI Chuanzhen(Faculty of Materials Science and Chemistry,China University of Geosciences,Wuhan,430074 Hubei,China;Mineral resources Reserves Evalution Center,Department of Natural Resources of Hubei Province,Wuhan,430071,Hubei,China;Enshi City Wei Feng Kaolin Co.,Ltd,Enshi,445000,Hubei,China)

机构地区：[1]中国地质大学(武汉)材料与化学学院,湖北武汉430074 [2]湖北省自然资源厅矿产资源评审中心,湖北武汉430071 [3]恩施市伟峰高岭土有限公司,湖北恩施445000

出　　处：《矿产保护与利用》2023年第4期81-88,共8页Conservation and Utilization of Mineral Resources

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51774259);湖北省自然资源科研项目(ZRZY2023KJ02)。

摘　　要：以湖北恩施下二叠统梁山组高岭土作为研究对象,利用XRD、XRF、SEM/EDS、ICP-MS、TG/DSC、光学显微镜、白度仪、粒度仪等分析手段,解析物相、主成分和微量锂含量、杂质赋存状态、白度、粒径分布、吸油值及热解特征,进行干法初加工和煅烧实验研究其加工特性。结果表明该矿石工业类型为硬质高岭土,部分层位高岭石含量86.79%~99.45%,结晶程度不高,结构无序;微量Li有待开发;黄铁矿杂质呈现出鲕粒状,分布于高岭石颗粒粒隙间。高岭石干法初加工后,<1μm占比32.35%,筛下物含铁量和化学需氧量(COD)会同时降低,可考虑分选加工用作玻纤原料、水泥、复合肥等添加料等;950℃煅烧后白度可达79.1%,750℃煅烧后吸油值48.23 g/100g,其应用可扩展至偏高岭石、莫来石及陶瓷釉料原料。本研究为恩施高岭土资源加工及潜在应用指出了方向,为其他同类型资源开发提供了研究基础。The objects studied in this paper were the kaolin samples collected from Huashiban mining area of the Lower Permian Liangshan Formation in Enshi,Hubei province.The phase compositions,principal components,trace lithium contents,impurity states,whitenesses,particle sizes,values of oil adsorption and pyrolysis characteristics of these samples were studied by the methods like XRD,XRF,SEM/EDS,ICP-MS,TG/DSC,optical microscope,whiteness and particle-size analyzer.The experiments of the preliminary processing and the calcination were operated to research their processabilities.The results show that the ore in the industry type is hard kaolin.The content of kaolinite is 86.79%~99.45%in some layers.The crystallizations of kaolinite in these samples are not high and they have disorder structures.The trace Li in kaolin needs subsequent researches.The pyrite is in oolitic-shape and distributes between the kaolinite particles.After the preliminary processing of kaolinite,the proportion of less than 1μm particles is 32.35%.The contents of Fe and chemical oxygen demand(COD)in the undersize material both decreased.The samples were considered to be used as the raw materials for glass fibers and other additives in cements and fertilizers.After the calcination,the whiteness of a sample can reach 79.1%at 950℃,and the oil absorption value is 48.23 g/100g after calcination at 750℃.Their applications can be extended to be metakaolinite,the raw materials for the mullite and ceramic glazes.Therefore,the researches in this paper propose possible processing methods and potential applications for Enshi kaolinite resources,which can provide references for other similar resources.

关 键 词：高岭土 工艺矿物学 初加工 煅烧 应用 

分 类 号：TD91[矿业工程—选矿] TD985