3个不同品种甜高粱营养价值研究以及蛋白质分子结构比较  

Comparison of Nutritional Value and Protein Molecular Structures ofThree Different Cultivars of Sweet Sorghum

作　　者：张思琦 吕静仪 魏梓恒 李培龙 陈友 武文斌 辛杭书[1] 孙芳[2,3] ZHANG Siqi;LYU Jingyi;WEI Ziheng;LI Peilong;CHEN You;WU Wenbin;XIN Hangshu;SUN Fang(College of Animal Science and Technology,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030,China;Institute of Animal Husbandry of Heilongjiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Harbin 150086,China;College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University,Daqing 163319,China;Nanjing Yuangu Biotechnology Company Limited,Nanjing 210036,China;Fujin Animal Disease Prevention and Control Center,Jiamusi 156100,China;Langfang Zhijiangwagyu Trading Company Limited,Langfang 065300,China)

机构地区：[1]东北农业大学动物科学技术学院,哈尔滨150030 [2]黑龙江省农业科学院畜牧研究所,哈尔滨150086 [3]黑龙江八一农垦大学动物科学技术学院,大庆163319 [4]南京原谷生物技术有限公司,南京210036 [5]富锦市动物疫病预防控制中心,佳木斯156100 [6]廊坊致匠和牛商贸有限公司,廊坊065300

出　　处：《动物营养学报》2023年第10期6759-6772,共14页CHINESE JOURNAL OF ANIMAL NUTRITION

基　　金：国家奶牛产业技术体系(CARS-36);黑龙江省现代农业(肉牛)产业技术协同创新推广体系。

摘　　要：本试验旨在采用湿化学检测、模型预测及光谱分析对3个不同品种甜高粱(牛魔王、海牛和绿巨人)的营养价值进行评估。试验采用单因素试验设计,并用苜蓿干草作为正对照,玉米秸秆作为负对照,采用常规营养成分分析方法、康奈尔净碳水化合物-蛋白质体系(CNCPS)、能值估算、尼龙袋法、DVE/OEB 2010模型预测等方法对饲料的营养价值进行分析,同时利用红外光谱技术分析样本的蛋白质分子结构。结果表明:1)3个品种甜高粱的常规营养成分存在显著差异(P<0.05)。绿巨人的粗蛋白质、非蛋白氮和可溶性蛋白质含量最高;牛魔王的粗灰分、中性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤纤维、酸性洗涤木质素、淀粉、中性洗涤不溶蛋白质和酸性洗涤不溶蛋白质含量最高。2)绿巨人的慢速降解蛋白质组分、不可利用氮含量、不可降解碳水化合物组分及碳水化合物含量显著低于其他甜高粱样本(P<0.05)。3)绿巨人的可消化蛋白质、总可消化养分和能值显著高于其他甜高粱样本(P<0.05)。4)绿巨人的瘤胃可降解蛋白质含量在甜高粱饲料样本中最高,瘤胃可降解中性洗涤纤维含量最低。5)牛魔王和海牛的蛋白质降解平衡值为9.07~9.35 g/kg DM,绿巨人最高,为52.95 g/kg DM。6)蛋白质一级结构(酰胺Ⅰ带和酰胺Ⅱ带)和二级结构(α-螺旋和β-折叠)的光谱参数在不同饲料样本间存在显著差异(P<0.05)。由此可见,3个品种甜高粱的营养特性存在差异,绿巨人的营养价值相对较高。This experiment was conducted to evaluate the nutritional value of three different cultivars of sweet sorghum(Bull Demon King sweet sorghum,Manatee sweet sorghum,Hulk sweet sorghum)using wet chemical analysis,model evaluation,and spectroscopic analysis.The experiment was designed as a single factor design,with alfalfa hay being the positive control and corn stover being the negative control.Conventional nutritional analysis,the Cornell Net Carbohydrate Protein System(CNCPS),energy values estimation,nylon bag method,and the DVE/OEB 2010 model prediction were employed in this study.Meanwhile,the infrared spectroscopy technology was used to analyze the protein molecular structures of the samples.The results were showed as follows:1)there were significant differences in the conventional nutritional components among the three sweet sorghums(P<0.05).Hulk sweet sorghum had the highest contents of crude protein,non-protein nitrogen and soluble protein;while Bull Demon King sweet sorghum had the highest contents of ash,neutral detergent fiber,acid detergent fiber,acid detergent lignin,starch,neutral detergent insoluble crude protein and acid detergent insoluble crude protein.2)Hulk sweet sorghum’s slowly degradable protein components,undegradable protein,non-degradable carbohydrate components and carbohydrate content were significantly lower than those of other sweet sorghum samples(P<0.05).3)Hulk sweet sorghum’s digestible protein,total digestible nutrients and energy values were significantly higher than the other two sweet sorghums(P<0.05).4)Hulk sweet sorghum had the highest rumen degradable protein content among sweet sorghum samples and the lowest rumen degradable neutral detergent fiber content(P<0.05).5)The OEB values of Bull Demon King sweet sorghum and Manatee sweet sorghum were 9.07 to 9.35 g/kg DM,with Hulk sweet sorghum having the highest value at 52.95 g/kg DM.6)There were significant correlations in the spectral parameters of protein primary structure(AmideⅠand AmideⅡ)and secondary structure(α-heli

关 键 词：甜高粱 营养价值 DVE/OEB 2010 蛋白质分子结构 

分 类 号：S816[农业科学—饲料科学]