m^(6)A去甲基化酶FTO在女性常见恶性肿瘤中的研究进展  

Research Progress of m^(6)A Demethylase FTO in Common Female Malignant Tumors

作　　者：黄锦源 杨静 代荫梅[1] HUANG Jinyuan;YANG Jing;DAI Yinmei(Department of Gynecology,Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital,Capital Medical University.Beijing Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital,Beijing 100026,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学附属北京妇产医院/北京妇幼保健院妇科,北京100026

出　　处：《医学综述》2023年第1期60-66,共7页Medical Recapitulate

摘　　要：N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤(m^(6)A)能够调节RNA的代谢过程,参与不同的生理和病理过程。脂肪量和肥胖相关蛋白(FTO)是第一个被发现的m^(6)A去甲基化酶,在不同类型恶性肿瘤中发挥促癌或抑癌作用。其中,FTO在女性常见恶性肿瘤(乳腺癌、宫颈癌、卵巢癌和子宫内膜癌)中的差异性表达与患者不同临床病理学特性密切相关,可用于预测患者预后。FTO以m^(6)A依赖或m^(6)A非依赖机制,调节下游微RNA和信号分子水平,激活下游多条信号通路,介导女性常见恶性肿瘤的生长、转移和耐药等过程。FTO单核苷酸多态性与女性常见恶性肿瘤风险或易感性密切相关。随着研究的深入,FTO在女性常见恶性肿瘤的诊治、预后评估中显示出应用价值。N^(6)-methyladenine(m^(6)A)can regulate the metabolism of RNA and thus participate in different physiological and pathological processes.Fat mass and obesity-related protein(FTO)is the first m^(6)A demethylase discovered,which plays a role in promoting or inhibiting cancer in different types of malignant tumors.The differential expression of FTO in common female malignant tumors(breast cancer,cervical cancer,ovarian cancer,and endometrial cancer)is closely related to the different clinicopathological characteristics of the patients and can be used to predict the prognosis.FTO mediates the growth,metastasis,and drug resistance of female malignant tumors by regulating the level of downstream miRNA and signal molecules as well as activating multiple downstream signal pathways through m^(6)A dependent or m^(6)A independent mechanisms.FTO single nucleotide polymorphisms are closely related to the risk or susceptibility of common malignant tumors in women.With the deepening of the research,FTO has shown potential application value in the diagnosis,treatment and prognosis evaluation of common female malignant tumors.

关 键 词：乳腺癌 宫颈癌 卵巢癌 子宫内膜癌 N^(6)-甲基腺嘌呤 脂肪量和肥胖相关蛋白 

分 类 号：R737.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]