无人机核应急航空监测技术体系构建与思考  

Construction and reflections on UAV airborne monitoring technology system for nuclear emergency

作　　者：房江奇[1,2] 杨金政 安政伟[1,2] 汪哲 李怀渊 FANG Jiangqi;YANG Jinzheng;AN Zhengwei;WANG Zhe;LI Huaiyuan(Airborne Survey and Remote Sensing Center of Nuclear Industry,Shijiazhuang 050002 China;CNNC Engineering Technology Research Center of Airborne Monitoring for Nuclear Emergency,Shijiazhuang 050002 China)

机构地区：[1]核工业航测遥感中心,河北石家庄050002 [2]中核核应急航空监测工程技术研究中心,河北石家庄050002

出　　处：《中国辐射卫生》2023年第4期456-460,465,共6页Chinese Journal of Radiological Health

摘　　要：随着核能的开发利用,核设施的安全运行已成为公众共同关注的社会问题之一,国家高度重视核应急的预案和法制、体制和机制建设。其中,核应急航空监测的应急准备与响应是国家核应急体系的重要组成部分之一,核应急航空监测技术体系中正在建设有人机和无人机航空监测优势互补的技术体系。近几年来,不同载荷、不同类型的无人机应运而生,搭载的探测器尺寸、种类也趋于多样化,无人机用于核事故应急航空监测的技术研究不断取得深入和提高,核事故应急航空监测技术体系同时得到发展。针对无人机核事故应急航空监测,本文从监测装备与技术、应急预案、应急监测与评价、监测标准、应急人员、应急保障、培训与演练几个方面的视角,对无人机核事故应急航空监测技术体系的构建进行探讨。无人机是一个正在飞速发展的航空器,随着其性能的不断改进和核应急航空监测新技术的不断革新和发展,无人机核应急航空监测技术体系将会不断得到完善和发展,逐步走向网络化、智能化、标准化。With the development and utilization of nuclear energy,the safe operation of nuclear facilities has become a social issue of great concern.China attaches great importance to nuclear emergency plan and the construction of legal,institutional,and mechanism systems.Among them,the emergency preparedness and response of airborne monitoring for nuclear emergency is one of the important components of the national nuclear emergency system.The technology system of airborne monitoring for nuclear emergency is being developed and combines the advantages of manned aircraft and unmanned aerial vehicle(UAV)airborne monitoring.In recent years,UAVs with different loads and types have been developed,with diversified sizes and types of detectors carried by UAVs.The research on UAV airborne monitoring techniques for nuclear emergency has been continuously deepened and improved,and the technical system of airborne monitoring for nuclear emergency has been developed at the same time.The construction of UAV airborne monitoring technology system for nuclear emergency is discussed from the perspectives of monitoring equipment and technology,emergency response plan,emergency monitoring and evaluation,monitoring standards,emergency personnel,emergency support,and training and exercise.The UAV is a rapidly developing aircraft.With the continuous improvement in UAV performance and the continuous innovation and development of nuclear emergency airborne monitoring technology,the UAV airborne monitoring technology system for nuclear emergency will be constantly improved and developed towards networking,intelligence,and standardization.

关 键 词：无人机 核应急航空监测 技术体系 

分 类 号：TL75[核科学技术—辐射防护及环境保护]