不稳定鞋对下肢生物力学影响的研究进展  

Research Progress on the Effect of Unstable Shoes on the Lower Limb Biomechanics

作　　者：汤运启 任慧 邹利民[2] 杜特刚 梁佩瑶 程诗哲 TANG Yunqi;REN Hui;ZOU Limin;DU Tegang;LIANG Peiyao;CHENG Shizhe(College of Art and Design,Shaanxi University of Science&Technology,Xi’an 710021,China;College of Physical Educatotion,Jinggangshan University,Ji’an 343009,China;Jihua 3513 Industrial Co.,Ltd,Xi'an 710068,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西科技大学设计与艺术学院,陕西西安710021 [2]井冈山大学体育学院,江西吉安343009 [3]际华三五一三实业有限公司,陕西西安710068

出　　处：《皮革科学与工程》2023年第6期59-65,共7页Leather Science and Engineering

基　　金：陕西省社会科学基金项目(2023J014);江西省教育厅科学技术研究项目(GJJ211030)。

摘　　要：通过文献整理的方法,系统综述了不稳定鞋对步态参数、运动学、动力学和肌电活动的影响,旨在为大众选鞋提供指导建议。采用主题词检索法,在包括PubMed、中国知网等中英文数据库在内的近10年文献中,共检索到了424篇论文,最终纳入了14篇进行分析。研究发现,与普通鞋相比,短时间穿着不稳定鞋会引起双支撑时间缩短,摆动期时间增长,使足底压力重新分布,中足区域的接触面积和峰值压强显著增大,而前足和后跟区域的峰值压强则有不同程度的降低。长时间穿着不稳定鞋会增加下肢肌肉活动,提高胫骨前肌、腓肠肌、股二头肌和股直肌的激活程度。因此,建议在使用不稳定鞋时应循序渐进,特别是对于新手,要注意使用时间和使用频率,尽可能降低损伤风险。This work conducted a systematic review of the effect of unstable shoes on gait parameters,kinematics,kinetics,and electromyography(EMG)activity by analyzing the relevant literature.The primary objective of this study was to offer guidance and recommendations on shoe selection for the public.A keyword search was conducted to retrieve 424 papers from Chinese and English databases,including PubMed and CNKI over the past decade.Ultimately,14 papers were enrolled for analysis.The study revealed that wearing unstable shoes could result in a decrease in double support time and an increase in swing phase time compared to ordinary shoes.Additionally,unstable shoes significantly improved the contact area and peak pressure of the midfoot region while decreasing the peak pressure in the forefoot and heel regions to varying degrees.The long-term use of unstable shoes could increase lower limb muscle activity and enhance the activation degree of specific muscles such as the tibialis anterior,gastrocnemius,biceps femoris,and rectus femoris.Thus,it is recommended to gradually increase the wearing time of unstable shoes,especially for beginners,while paying attention to the duration and frequency of use to reduce the risk of injury.

关 键 词：不稳定鞋 下肢生物力学 运动学 动力学 肌肉活动 

分 类 号：G804.01[文化科学—运动人体科学] TS943[文化科学—体育学]