撤点并校对农村未成年人外出务工的影响  

The Impacts of School Consolidation on Rural Minors'Labor Migration

作　　者：石智雷[1] 周小强 Shi Zhilei;Zhou Xiaoqiang

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学人口与健康研究中心

出　　处：《青年研究》2023年第5期17-32,M0002,共17页Youth Studies

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“流动人口二代成年后面临的问题研究”(22&ZD196)阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：基于2015—2017年“中国流动人口动态监测”调查数据和2000—2016年县级小学数据,研究撤点并校对农村未成年人外出务工的影响及其机制。研究发现,撤点并校的强度越大,农村未成年人外出务工的概率越高,对义务教育年龄段的儿童也有显著影响;与男性和经济发展较好地区的农村未成年人相比,撤点并校对女性和落后地区的农村未成年人的影响更大;撤点并校产生的人力资本积累中断效应和人口挤出效应是农村未成年人外出务工的重要机制。研究结论为探究农村未成年人外出务工原因提供了经验证据,对合理布局农村基础教育资源具有启示意义。Based on the relevant survey data of“Migrant Population Dynamic Monitoring Survey in China”from 2015 to 2017 and the relevant data of the county primary schools from 2000 to 2016,this article tries to examine the impacts of school consolidation on rural minors'labor migration and the mechanism.According to the findings,the greater the intensity of school consolidation,the higher the probability of rural minors'labor migration;meanwhile,the school consolidation also has significant impacts on children at the age of compulsory education.Compared with rural minors who are males and in economically developed areas,the school consolidation has greater impacts on rural minors who are females and in backward areas.School consolidation would lead to the disruption effect of human capital accumulation and the effect of population crowding-out,which are important mechanisms for rural minors'labor migration.These research conclusions could provide empirical evidence for the reasons regarding rural minors'labor migration,and also have the meaning of inspiration for reasonably arranging rural areas'basic education resources.

关 键 词：撤点并校 农村 教育 未成年人 外出务工 

分 类 号：D669.5[政治法律—政治学] F323.6[政治法律—中外政治制度] F249.2[经济管理—产业经济]