基于经验模态分解的汽车发动机进/排气管道低噪声抑制法  

Low noise suppression method for automotive engineintake/exhaust pipe based on empirical mode decomposition

作　　者：常红梅[1] 孟欣[1] 韩晋 叶伟[1] CHANG Hongmei;MENG Xin;HAN Jin;YE Wei(Shaanxi University of Technology,Hanzhong 723001,China)

机构地区：[1]陕西理工大学,陕西汉中723001

出　　处：《兵器装备工程学报》2023年第10期287-292,共6页Journal of Ordnance Equipment Engineering

基　　金：陕西省科技统筹创新工程重点实验室项目(2014SZS16-P04);陕西理工大学人才启动项目(SLGRCQD2022)。

摘　　要：为降低汽车发动机进/排气管道内的噪声,提高发动机的稳定性和使用寿命,提出基于经验模态分解的汽车发动机进/排气管道低噪声经验模态分解抑制法。分别计算了发动机排气基频噪声与多气缸进气噪声,得到了发动机进/排气的共振噪声。基于经验模态分解算法构造了发动机的噪声分量,通过计算其极大值与极小值的包络平均值,得到每一个噪声点相对于极值点的残余量,并将发动机的噪声信号分解为不同的单元分量。在噪声收敛系数以及噪声模态分解机制下,设计了发动机进排低噪声抑制算法。实验结果表明:该算法对噪声的抑制具有一定的效果;消声器数量越多,噪声的传递损失越大;在消声器的消声容积中,传递损失分别与扩张比和扩张式结构长度成正比;管道直径大于36 mm且管道长度为150 mm时,噪声抑制效果最好,而在发动机全功率运行时,需要保证管道直径小于32 mm且长度为150 mm。In order to reduce the noise in the intake/exhaust pipe of automobile engine and improve the stability and service life of the engine,an empirical mode decomposition(EMD)based method for suppressing low noise in the intake/exhaust pipe of automobile engine is proposed.The engine exhaust fundamental frequency noise and multi cylinder intake noise are calculated respectively,and the resonance noise of engine intake and exhaust is obtained.The noise components of the engine are constructed based on the empirical mode decomposition algorithm.By calculating the envelope average of its maximum and minimum,the residual amount of each noise point relative to the extreme point is obtained,and the noise signal of the engine is decomposed into different unit components.Under the noise convergence coefficient and noise mode decomposition mechanism,a low noise suppression algorithm for engine intake and exhaust is designed.The experimental results show that the algorithm has a certain effect on noise suppression;The more mufflers,the greater the noise transmission loss;In the muffler volume,the transmission loss is proportional to the expansion ratio and the expansion structure length respectively;When the pipe diameter is more than 36mm and the pipe length is 150 mm,the noise suppression effect is the best.When the engine is running at full power,it is necessary to ensure that the pipe diameter is less than 32 mm and the pipe length is 150 mm.

关 键 词：经验模态分解 发动机 进/排气 低噪声抑制 传递损失 包络平均值 

分 类 号：TJ760.33[兵器科学与技术—武器系统与运用工程] TN06[电子电信—物理电子学]