诊疗环节精神障碍监护制度司法适用现状及对策研究  

Research on the judicial application status and countermeasures of the diagnosis and treatment procedure in the guardianship system of patients with mental disorders

作　　者：刘振宇[1] 李筱永[1] LIU Zhenyu;LI Xiaoyong(College of Medical Humanities,Capital Medical University,Beijing 100069,China)

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学医学人文学院,北京100069

出　　处：《卫生软科学》2023年第11期44-50,共7页Soft Science of Health

基　　金：北京市卫生健康委员会《北京市精神卫生条例》修订立法研究项目(2022SK000737)。

摘　　要：通过梳理涉及诊疗环节精神障碍患者监护纠纷的司法案例,分析精神障碍患者在送治、收治、治疗、出院各阶段监护制度的司法适用情况,发现目前精神障碍患者的监护人在诊疗环节未能很好地发挥监护作用。究其原因主要是《精神卫生法》对监护人范围的界定过于宽泛、对患者自主决策权保护不足、对监护人义务的规定不完善。对此,应当通过设立精神障碍患者监护人履职顺位、强化对精神障碍患者自主决策权的制度保障、完善对监护人怠于履行监护义务的法律规制的方式予以化解。By sorting out judicial cases involving guardianship disputes of patients with mental disorders in the diagnosis and treatment process,this paper analyzes the judicial application of the guardianship system for patients with mental disorders in the stages of referral,admission,treatment and discharge.It is found that the guardians of patients with mental disorders have not been able to effectively play a supervisory role in the diagnosis and treatment process.The main reasons are the definition of the guardian in the Mental Health Law is too broad;the protection of patients autonomy in decision-making is insufficient,and the provisions on the obligations of guardians are unsound.In this regard,it is necessary to establish a guardianship order for patients with mental disorders in order to perform their duties,strengthen the institutional guarantee of the autonomy of patients with mental disorders,and improve the legal regulations for guardians negligence in fulfilling their guardianship obligations.

关 键 词：精神障碍监护制度 诊疗环节 司法适用 法律家长主义 

分 类 号：R74[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R19[医药卫生—临床医学]