训练免疫在肿瘤综合治疗中的应用研究进展  

Research progress on trained immunity in tumor multimodality therapy

作　　者：卜一超 傅修涛 丁振斌 刘卫仁 史颖弘 樊嘉 唐政 BU Yi-chao;FU Xiu-tao;DING Zhen-bin;LIU Wei-ren;SHI Ying-hong;FAN Jia;TANG Zheng(Department of Liver Surgery,Zhongshan Hospital,Fudan University,Liver Cancer Institute,Fudan University,Shanghai 200032,China)

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属中山医院肝肿瘤外科,复旦大学肝癌研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《中国临床医学》2023年第5期861-869,共9页Chinese Journal of Clinical Medicine

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(82003084);中国科学院重大资助项目(2019-I2M-5-058).

摘　　要：经典的免疫系统分为固有免疫和适应性免疫。传统观念认为,免疫记忆仅存在于适应性免疫中,然而,在缺乏适应性免疫的生物体中,先天免疫系统的细胞能够在短暂刺激后获得记忆特征,从而在二次抗原激活后增强有效免疫,这种现象被称为训练免疫。训练免疫可以在肿瘤治疗中发挥独特的作用。卡介苗(BCG)诱导的训练免疫已经成为膀胱癌的标准治疗方法;BCG在黑素瘤中的治疗效果也于近年得到肯定;通过不可逆电穿孔(irreversible electroporation,IRE)提高治疗过程中训练免疫效应可以延长胰腺癌患者生存期;全β-葡聚糖颗粒(wholeβ-glucan particle,WGP)诱导的训练免疫可以有效抑制肿瘤肺转移;通过纳米颗粒(nanoparticles,NPs)引入药物可以提高乳腺癌靶向部位的训练免疫效果。这些研究对改善现有治疗策略、延长患者生存获益具有重要意义。本文重点阐述训练免疫的概念、机制以及在肿瘤治疗领域的现状。The classical immune system is divided into innate immunity and acquired immunity.The general view is that immune memory exists only in acquired immunity.However,in organisms lacking adaptive immunity,cells of the innate immune system are able to acquire memory signatures after a brief stimulus,thereby enhancing the response upon a secondary stimulus,a phenomenon known as training immunity.Trained immunity can play a unique anti-tumor role in tumors.In bladder cancer,training immunity induced by BCG vaccine has become the standard treatment for bladder cancer.The efficacy of BCG in the treatment of melanoma has also been recognized in recent years.Improving immune training during therapy through irreversible electroporation(IRE)can prolong survival in patients with pancreatic cancer.Wholeβ-glucan particle(WGP)can inhibit tumor lung metastasis.In breast cancer,the introduction of drugs through nanoparticles(NPs)can improve the training immune effect of targeted sites.This paper reviews the concepts,mechanisms,and current status of training immunity in the field of oncology therapy.

关 键 词：训练免疫 固有免疫记忆 免疫微环境 肿瘤治疗 

分 类 号：R730.3[医药卫生—肿瘤]