新能源汽车制造商竞争与竞合策略选择研究  

Choice of competition and co-opetition strategies for new energy vehicle manufacturers

作　　者：冯中伟 刘元威 FENG Zhongwei;LIU Yuanwei(School of Business Administration Research Center for Energy Economics,Henan Polytechnic University,Jiaozuo 454000,China)

机构地区：[1]河南理工大学工商管理学院能源经济研究中心,河南焦作454000

出　　处：《管理工程学报》2023年第6期123-133,共11页Journal of Industrial Engineering and Engineering Management

基　　金：河南省重点研发与推广专项(科技攻关、软科学)资助项目(212400410323);河南理工大学博士基金资助项目(760207/025);2021校博士后科研资助项目(712108/233)。

摘　　要：本文针对具有竞争关系的两新能源汽车制造商在动力电池供应方面是否合作的情形,探究新能源汽车制造商竞争与竞合策略的选择问题。考虑新能源汽车制造商的三种策略:竞争策略、批发竞合策略以及专利许可竞合策略,本文运用非合作博弈理论对三种策略分别构建博弈模型,比较三种策略下的均衡结果,发现:(1)处于上游的新能源汽车制造商的谈判能力较低或谈判能力较强且替代程度较高时,批发竞合策略下动力电池的批发价格与替代程度呈正相关性;否则呈负相关性;(2)专利许可竞合策略下动力电池技术专利的入门费与替代程度呈负相关性,而提成费与替代程度则呈正相关性;(3)新能源汽车制造商的最优策略选择取决于新能源汽车制造商的谈判能力、动力电池的成本差异以及新能源汽车的替代程度;(4)当竞合策略为最优策略时,新能源汽车制造商在一定条件下能够实现利润的帕累托改进,同时降低新能源汽车的整车价格。With the increasingly prominent energy crisis and environmental problems in recent years,promoting vehicle non-carbonization has become a world consensus.The“double carbon”goal in“the 14th Five-year plan”puts forward higher requirements for the low-carbon development of the automobile industry.The development of new energy vehicles is a core measure to achieve the“double carbon”(i.e.,carbon peak and carbon neutralization).However,with the continuous expansion of the new energy vehicle market and the decline of government subsidies,the competition in the new energy vehicle industry has intensified since the entry of many joint venture automobile enterprises enter into the new energy vehicle market.Facing the fierce competition,new energy vehicle manufacturers need to change their operation strategies to improve their industry competitiveness.The cooperation of new energy vehicle manufacturers in upstream production,R&D,and other activities is one of the important ways to strengthen the competitiveness of China′s new energy vehicle manufacturers.For example,BYD changed its power battery strategy from self-produced and self-sold in the past to providing power batteries to Dongfeng Automobile,Shandong Taikai Automobile and other automobile enterprises.Unlike the traditional competitive relationship between manufacturers of new energy vehicles,this paper not only considers the competition between new energy vehicle manufacturers and their downstream competitors,but also cooperates in the production and R&D of power batteries in the upstream.In conjunction with the case of BYD′s power battery strategy transformation,this paper considers a supply chain comprised of two competing new energy vehicle manufacturers.One new energy vehicle manufacturer has the technical patent for producing batteries and can independently produce batteries,while the other has no technical patent.The two new energy vehicle manufacturers compete for the downstream end market and cooperate in battery supply/procurement in the for

关 键 词：新能源汽车 批发竞合 专利许可竞合 策略选择 

分 类 号：F272[经济管理—企业管理]