一种负刚度可调的高静低动刚度隔振系统特性分析及实验研究  

Characteristic analysis and experimental study of a high static-low-dynamic-stiffness vibration isolation system with adjustable negative stiffness

作　　者：苏攀[1] 吴杰长[1] 刘树勇[1] 常广晖[1] 张亚超 SU Pan;WU Jie-chang;LIU Shu-yong;CHANG Guang-hui;ZHANG Ya-chao(College of Power Engineering,Naval University of Engineering,Wuhan 430033,China)

机构地区：[1]海军工程大学动力工程学院,武汉430033

出　　处：《船舶力学》2023年第11期1697-1706,共10页Journal of Ship Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(51909267,51579242)。

摘　　要：针对现有高静低动刚度隔振器的设计参数均已固定,磁负刚度机构无法在线调整的问题,本文设计一种新型负刚度可调的电磁隔振器。利用永磁体与螺旋线圈设计电磁负刚度元件,并对其进行有限元仿真分析。通过静力分析,推导负刚度可调高静低动刚度隔振器力-位移-电流和刚度-位移-电流的数学表达式,得到系统在平衡位置获得准零刚度特性的条件。建立高静低动刚度隔振系统动态模型,利用平均法研究不同参数对系统幅频特性及力传递率的影响。研制原理样机,搭建试验台架并进行隔振性能测试试验,试验结果表明本文研究的高静低动刚度隔振器具有更宽的有效隔振频域和更低的传递率峰值。Aiming at the problem that the design parameters of the existing high-static-low-dynamic-stiff-ness vibration isolators are fixed and the magnetic negative stiffness mechanism cannot be adjusted on line,a new type of electromagnetic vibration isolator with adjustable negative stiffness was designed by using perma-nent magnet and helical coil,and the finite element simulation analysis was carried out.Through static analy-sis,the mathematical expressions of force-displacement-current and stiffness-displacement-current were deduced,and the condition for the system to obtain quasi-zero stiffness characteristics at the equilibrium po-sition was obtained.A dynamic model of the vibration isolation system with high-static-low-dynamic-stiff-ness was established,and the effects of different parameters on the amplitude-frequency characteristic and force transmissibility were studied by using the averaging method.The principle prototype was developed,and the test bench was built.The vibration isolation performance test was carried out.The results show that the new isolator has a wider effective vibration isolation frequency range and a lower peak transmissibility.

关 键 词：电磁负刚度元件 高静低动刚度 幅频特性 力传递率 平均法 

分 类 号：O326[理学—一般力学与力学基础]