天水市某粮库面粉生产过程拟采取的防尘降噪措施及关键控制点分析  

Analysis of dust and noise reduction measures and key control points to be taken in the flour production process of a grain depot in Tianshui City

作　　者：周婷 张博超 鹿凯 康佩 刘寅超 ZHOU Ting;ZHANG Bochao;LU Kai;KANG Pei;LIU Yinchao(Research Room 12,Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry,Xi'an Shaanxi,710065,China)

机构地区：[1]兵器工业卫生研究所科研十二室,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《职业与健康》2023年第18期2549-2552,共4页Occupation and Health

摘　　要：目的 对天水市某粮库面粉生产过程产生的职业病危害因素进行辨识,结合人员作业方式及预期接触水平,对拟采取的防尘、防噪措施进行分析评价,对职业病危害程度进行预判,提出关键岗位及防控措施,在项目建设阶段予以落实。方法 2021年对天水市某粮库面粉生产过程产生的职业病危害因素进行调查,采用工程分析法、类比法、检查表法相结合的原则进行分析评价。结果 作业人员接触谷物粉尘的浓度在卸粮过程可能超标,清理及制粉工序粉尘浓度均低于职业接触限值(occupational exposure limits,OELs),其余工序预计粉尘浓度<50%OELs;打包、清理、制粉、配粉工序作业人员接触噪声的8 h等效声级>80 dB(A),但<85 dB(A),属于噪声作业岗位,其余环节作业人员接触噪声的8 h等效声级<70 dB(A),均属于非噪声作业岗位。结论 天水市某粮库面粉加工行业粉尘和噪声危害不容忽视,应采取切实可行的隔离、密闭、通风、降噪等防护措施,对关键控制岗位进行有效防控。Objective To identify the occupational hazard factors generated during the flour production process of a grain depot in Tianshui City,analyze and evaluate the proposed dust and noise prevention measures to be taken based on personnel operation methods and expected exposure levels,predict the degree of occupational hazard,propose key positions and prevention and control measures,and implement them during the project construction phase.Methods In 2021,an investigation was conducted on the occupational hazard factors generated during the flour production process in a grain depot in Tianshui City,using a combination of engineering analysis,analogy,and checklist methods for analysis and evaluation.Results The concentration of grain dust exposed by operators might exceed the standard during grain unloading,the dust concentration in the cleaning and milling processes were lower than the occupational exposure limits(OELs),and the expected dust concentration in other processes was less than 50%OELs.The 8-hour equivalent sound level of workers exposed to noise in the packaging,cleaning,milling,and mixing processes was higher than 80 dB(A),but lower than 85 dB(A),which belonged to noise operation posts.The 8-hour equivalent sound level of workers exposed to noise in other processes was lower than 70 dB(A),which belonged to non-noise operation posts.Conclusion The dust and noise hazards in the flour processing industry of a grain depot in Tianshui City cannot be ignored.Practical and feasible protective measures such as isolation,sealing,ventilation,and noise reduction should be taken to effectively prevent and control key control posts.

关 键 词：面粉生产 防尘降噪措施 关键控制岗位 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]