基于NSGA-Ⅱ算法的某矿采场爆破参数优化  

Optimization of blasting parameters in a mine stope based on NSGA-Ⅱ

作　　者：顾清华[1,2] 高松 李萍丰[3] 郭进平 卢皎旭 程相琛[1] GU Qinghua;GAO Song;LI Pingfeng;GUO Jinping;LU Jiaoxu;CHENG Xiangchen(School of Resources Engineering,Xi′an University of Architecture and Technology,Xi′an 710055,China;Xi′an Key Laboratory for Intelligent Industrial Perception,Calculation and Decision,Xi′an 710055,China;Hongda Blasting Engineering Group Co.,Ltd.,Guangzhou 510623,China)

机构地区：[1]西安建筑科技大学资源工程学院,西安710055 [2]西安市智慧工业感知、计算与决策重点实验室,西安710055 [3]宏大爆破工程集团有限责任公司,广州510623

出　　处：《有色金属（矿山部分）》2023年第6期51-65,共15页NONFERROUS METALS(Mining Section）

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52074205);陕西省自然科学基础研究计划项目(2020JC-44)。

摘　　要：为了解决湖南某矿顶板破碎条件下缓倾斜薄矿体难采问题,提出通过优化地下采场爆破参数来控制采场爆破,以减弱爆破活动对破碎顶板的影响,提高顶板自稳时间。首先对影响该矿采场爆破效果的主要因素诸如炮孔深度、炮孔倾角、掏槽孔孔间距和炮孔直径等进行分析,确定自变量;其次确定抛掷距离、大块率、炮孔利用率和炸药单耗等能反映采场爆破效果优劣的指标为因变量,并基于自变量和因变量建立数学模型;最后利用非支配排序遗传算法Ⅱ(Non-dominated Sorting Genetic AlgorithmsⅡ,简称NSGA-Ⅱ)对爆破参数进行优化。试验结果显示,随着迭代次数的不断增加,爆破参数水平逐渐稳定并趋于一个最优值,最终找到一组最佳爆破参数组合。利用算法对爆破参数寻优能有效降低人工干预,改善爆破效果,对井下爆破有重要的指导意义。In order to solve the difficult mining problem of gently inclined thin orebody under the condition of roof crushing in a mine in Hunan province,this paper proposes to control the stope blasting by optimizing the blasting parameters of the underground stope,so as to reduce the impact of blasting activities on the broken roof and improve the self-stabilization time of the roof.Firstly,the main factors affecting the blasting effect of the stope,such as the depth of blasthole,the inclination of blasthole,the spacing of cut holes,and the diameter of blasthole,are analyzed to determine the independent variables;Secondly,the throwing distance,lump rate,hole utilization rate,explosive unit consumption and other indicators that can reflect the blasting effect of the stope are determined as dependent variables,and a mathematical model is established based on the independent variables and dependent variables.Finally,the blasting parameters are optimized using the Non-dominated Sorting Genetic AlgorithmsⅡ(NSGA-Ⅱ).The experimental results show that with the increase of iteration times,the level of blasting parameters is gradually stable and tends to an optimal value,and finally an optimal combination of blasting parameters is found.Using algorithms to optimize blasting parameters can effectively reduce manual intervention and improve the blasting effect,which has important guiding significance for underground blasting.

关 键 词：地下矿 爆破 参数优化 多目标优化 

分 类 号：TP277[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TD853[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]