宅基地使用权抵押的逻辑证成与困境纾解  

The Logical Justification and Predicament Relief of the Mortgage of the Homestead Use Right

作　　者：刘振轩 Liu Zhenxuan(School of Law,Zhongnan University of Economics and Law,Wuhan,Hubei 430000)

机构地区：[1]中南财经政法大学法学院,湖北武汉430000

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2023年第6期101-113,共13页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

摘　　要：宅基地使用权抵押作为国家赋予农民财产权益的重要举措,有着稳固的逻辑基础。宅基地保障功能和财产属性的价值判断是两者在不同历史阶段的替代表达,可以融贯于宅基地使用权抵押的规则设置之中。政策语用的变化,凸显出宅基地使用权的财产价值。宅基地使用权的学理解释不仅在立法中偏向于所有权的属性,而且在三权分置的政策中被拆分成纯粹的财产性权利。受制于法律强家父主义观念,宅基地使用权抵押改革在试点地区面临抵押权基础制度受限、抵押物处置机制效能弱化和政府政策扶持不足的困境。为推进宅基地使用权抵押改革,应当放宽对抵押当事人资格、权利客体范围和权利取得条件的制度约束,促进土地流转的市场化和抵押权实现方式的多样化,根据抵押风险程度强弱匹配不同的融资模式。As an important measure for the state to give farmers property rights and interests,the mortgage of homestead use right has a solid logical basis.The value judgment of the homestead security function and the property attribute are the alternative expressions of both in different historical stages,which can be integrated into the rule setting of the mortgage of the right to use the homestead.The change of policy expression highlights the property value of the homestead use right.The theoretical explanation of the right to use homestead not only favors the property of ownership in the legislation,but also pure property rights in homestead three-right separation policy.Subject to the strong version of legal paternalism,the mortgage reform of homestead use right is facing difficulties in pilot areas,such as the limited basic system of mortgage,the weakened efficiency of the collateral disposal mechanism and the insufficient government policy support.In order to promote the reform of the mortgage of homestead use right,we should relax the institutional constraints on the qualification of the mortgage parties,the scope of the right object and the conditions for obtaining the right,promot the marketization of land circulation and the diversification of mortgage realization methods,and match different financing modes according to the degree of mortgage risk.

关 键 词：宅基地使用权抵押 财产属性 基础制度 处置机制 融资模式 

分 类 号：D925.2[政治法律—诉讼法学]